ipl-logo

Sulfur Research Paper

1825 Words8 Pages

2.5.7 Sulfur Sulfur content in biodiesel is limited to 15 ppm maximum by ASTM D6751.Therefore, it is important to know the original feedstock sulfur content since it can contribute to biodiesel sulfur content. The determination of sulfur in the feedstocks was done using ASTM D7039, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Gasoline and Diesel Fuel by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry [10]. Sulfur analyzer manufactured by X-Ray Optical Systems Inc.is used to measure the amount of sulfur. The value of sulfur in Jatropha oil is 3.5 (ppm) in accordance with ASTM D7039. 2.5.8 Phosphorous, Calcium, and Magnesium: ASTM D6751 requires phosphorous in biodiesel be limited to 10 ppm (0.001 % mass maximum) and the combined amount …show more content…

The value of the properties of oil and biodiesel is slightly deviate from standards but these are acceptable and meets the standard requirements. 2.6 FATTY ACID COMPOSITION The major saturated fatty acids in Jatropha curcas seed oil were palmitic and stearic acids, the main unsaturated fatty acid were oleic acid and linoleic acid .The two oil sample of Jatrophacurcas contained saturated and unsaturated acid respectively. Jatropha curcas oil can be classified in the oleic and linoleic acid group. Linoleic acid which is one of the most important poly unsaturated fatty acids in human food because of its prevention of distinct heart vascular diseases [16].Jatropha curcas oil is predominantly made up of oleic and linoleic acids respectively. It is observed 0 % of linolenic acid C18:3. This prevalence of the unsaturated fatty acids and the high values of the iodine index indicate that the Jatropha curcas oil is of the unsaturated type.[17] Table 3. Relative percent composition of fatty acid in Jatropha curcas seed oil. NO Fatty acid Structure …show more content…

• It can be grown almost any where even in sandy, saline, or otherwise infertile soil. • It is easy to spread (a cutting simply pushed into the ground will take root). • It naturally repels both animals and insects. • Jatropha plant does not exhaust the nutrients in the land. • Jatropha plant does not require expensive crop rotation. • Jatropha plant does not require fertilizers. • Jatropha plant grows quickly and establishes itself easily. • For Jatropha plant no displacement of food crops is necessary. • Jatropha plant is great for developing countries in terms of energy and jobs creation. •The biodiesel byproduct, glycerine, is profitable in itself. •The waste plant mass after oil extraction of jatropha plant can be used as a fertilizer. •The plant recycles 100% of the CO₂ emissions produced by burning the biodiesel. •The plant can be used to prevent and control erosion and to reclaim land. • Jatropha plant oil is being extensively used for making soap in some countries because it has a very high saponification value. • Jatropha plant oil is used as an illuminant as it burns without emitting

Show More
Related
915 Words | 4 Pages

If the experiment was completed again, more higher concentrations could be applied to the seeds to see if the data is further supported. Either way the more trials the better and more accurate results, this applies to any experiment. Practical applications of the principles of this investigation may be using the correct concentration for a specific plant or seed. This lab shows that it is necessary to follow the directions and specifications when using the fertilizer miracle

Read More
391 Words | 2 Pages

Did you know that 1.4 trillion gallons were flushed into San Francisco Bay, in 2008 just to save the Delta Smelt? There have been restrictions on water. For this reason, farmers are not getting enough water to use for their crops. In my opinion, the water should be kept for the farmers to use.

Read More
945 Words | 4 Pages

Minerals 1. The minerals under the DRI for my age group would be calcium, potassium, sodium, copper ,iron, magnesium, phosphorous, selenium, and zinc. The mineral that comes below the DRI would be be potassium. However, it is not more than 80% below the DRI. However I did have a low potassium intake.

Read More
451 Words | 2 Pages

To have a healthy plant with good roots, you must cultivate the soil.

Read More
689 Words | 3 Pages

Then the cultivation is sustainable and can last for a long

Read More
1060 Words | 5 Pages

Nitrogen Nitrogen is an element, in which its name is derived from the Latin word ‘nitrum’ known to be the fifth most abundant element in the universe. Nitrogen is one of the building blocks of life; living organisms may cease to exist without the existence of nitrogen. It can be said that nitrogen makes up of 80 percent of our atmosphere. It has an atomic number of 7 and is located in the far left of the periodic table. The element belongs to Group 15, Period 2 and p Block and has an electronic configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p3.

Read More
173 Words | 1 Pages

When the topics surrounding palm oil are brought up here in the United States it is common to run into the question, “Why should I care? It doesn’t affect me.” While there are some ethical concerns regarding this question and statement, the idea that is a localized issue is absurd whenever certain facts are presented. Whenever palm oil is cultivated, it usually done some on peatland. Peatland is equivalent to what someone might consider swamps or wetlands in our part of the world.

Read More
1584 Words | 7 Pages

Fat Burning Workouts fat burning workouts, fat burning workouts, Looking for effective fat burning workouts? The best way to reduce the size of your body is to convert unsightly fat into lean muscle. We are not just talking about how to loose belly fat, but ALL fat that's distributed over your body. Muscle weighs more than fat, so it takes up less space on your body.

Read More
1106 Words | 5 Pages

Nevertheless, only 18% of the industry is composed of sustainable palm oil companies. There are disadvantages to the green process. Firstly, of all the cultivation of palm trees and oil on peatlands and cleared secondary forests, is accepted by RSPOs. Peatlands, which are collections of partially decayed vegetation, play huge roles in the storage of carbon, an ecosystem component that would be lost, should these peatlands be destroyed. The guidelines are not perfect, the judgment and criticism would be immensely less in regards to being an eco-friendly company, but they would still exist.

Read More
1167 Words | 5 Pages

Ever since the EPA has enforced standards for diesel engines, the emission rates have progressively dropped key pollutants by 75 percent (“Air Pollution” 1). Also, to meet EPA standards in 2007, the EPA were requiring refiners to produce 80 percent of diesel fuel to be low-sulfur grade (“Air Pollution” 2). As of June 1, 2006, the EPA requires refiners for diesel fuel to begin producing fuel with no more sulfur content than 15 parts per million which is a 97 percent reduction (“All Pollution 14”). Since 1984, EPA has been enforcing stricter diesel emission standards, which decreased the acceptable level of nitrogen oxide emission for diesel engines from 10.7 gram per unit of work in 1988 to 2.5 grams in 2004 (“Air Pollution 10”). To help reduce diesel emissions, “The Clean Air Act” bans manufacturers from selling or installing components that can bypass or render inoperative the diesel emissions control system on the truck (“All Pollution 11”).

Read More
398 Words | 2 Pages

These “tailor-made’ synthetic oils had a superior performance compared to vegetable oil or petroleum based mineral oil, but they

Read More
1829 Words | 8 Pages

Palm Oil Controversy in Indonesia In the land of disappearing trees, Indonesia is wasting no time in expanding the palm oil market in light of high global demand. Not only can it be used in food, cosmetics and even biofuel, but it also has a longer shelf life than most vegetable oils, and is also the most productive seed; one hectare of palm oil plantations can reap a whopping 5000kg worth of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) (Butler, 2006). As a result, Indonesia, drawn in by the booming palm oil market, aims to increase production to 40 million tonnes of CPO per year by 2020 as global demand is projected to be 60 million tonnes by the same year (World Growth, 2011). However, the process of expanding the industry at such a large scale calls for global

Read More
964 Words | 4 Pages

This peculiar structural deviation prevents these Trans-fats from being processed by the human body. As you can imagine Trans-fats stay in the body for a long time and are absolutely difficult to remove. Other, notably ingredients like nitrosamine which are modified versions of the natural amino acids. Amino acids the building blocks and the smallest units of all proteins. They influence the liver to produce many harmful fats implicating in brain damage.

Read More
817 Words | 4 Pages

It isn’t actually oil but a liquid wax that is extracted from the seeds of the same name and can be found in the desert parts of the United States and Mexico. Jojoba oil is used as skin moisturizer, oil and acne controller, lessens the sunburn’s effect, and relieves dryness and itchiness caused by eczema and psoriasis. It can also be used for conditioning the hair, clean hair scalp, and prevent hair

Read More
1054 Words | 5 Pages

One of the biggest problems are the soil is seasonable, it works best through the warm months because it has to break down and release nutrients into the air. Another problem farmers find with is the fertilizer takes time , the nutrients make time to break down and some people expect instant improvement and this soil will not do that for them(Chemical Fertilizer vs Organic). The nutrient level is lower than the chemical fertilizer, it can still do the same thing it just produces less nutrients in the long run. Just like the natural fertilizer the chemical fertilizer has its advantages and disadvantages. One of the biggest advantage is it has an instant improvement, humans have the natural desire to be impatient so most run to to the chemical fertilizer.

Read More

More about Sulfur Research Paper

Related Topics

Open Document