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Jean Piaget Theory Analysis

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One of the most well-known cognitive developmental theorists is Jean Piaget. His theory of stage development proposed that children at different ages show qualitatively different ways of reasoning and understanding. Piaget suggested four main stages of development, namely: (1) The Sensorimotor Stage (birth to two years), (2) The Preoperational Stage (Ages 2 – 7), (3) The Concrete Operations Stage (Ages 7 – 12) and (4) The Formal Operations Stage (Ages 12 and beyond). At each stage, children think differently to how they had thought at the last stage. He mentioned that everyone goes through all the stages, regardless of individual differences in ability and environment. This essay will focus on the second stage of development, The Preoperational …show more content…

using an empty cardboard box as a rocket ship). However, there are still limitations such as egocentrism and precausal thinking. Egocentricism is the phenomenon where a person is not able to differentiate between their point of view and another’s point of view. Jean Piaget and Barbel Inhelder conducted a test called the ‘Three Mountain Task’. They placed a model of three mountains in front of a child, and a doll on the opposite side. The child was then asked what the doll would see from its position. The child was unable to answer correctly. In fact, the child would say the doll’s perspective was the same as the child’s own perspective, when in reality the doll’s perspective was very …show more content…

The Plowden report published in 1967 was the result of 1966 review of primary education that was very heavily influenced by Piaget’s theories (McLeod, 2009). McLeod also noted that Piaget focused on the internal biological maturation and therefore, he was very concerned with how ready the child was before a new concept was taught. According to Piaget, if the child is not deemed ready to be introduced to certain information, then the teachers must wait until the child attains a higher stage of cognitive development. This is imperative for schools and teachers, as they must be aware of the child’s calibre and

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The behavior of the young girl also derives explanation from Piaget’s theory on centration, which is the greatest limitation of thinking in young children. Based on this theory, the child had the tendency to focus on only one aspect of the new hot educational toy to the exclusion of all the other toy models in the store. From Piaget’s perspective, the behavior of the young girl can be described as egocentric since she was a captive of her perspective and could not take that of her parent’s. Moreover, The the child also seems to be confusing between the appearance of the hot new educational toys and reality.

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The next stage that Piaget developed starts at about age two and lasts until the child is about six or seven years old. This stage he called the Pre-Operational Period. During this stage, children start to use mental imagery and language. Children here are very egocentric. These children view things that are happening around them in only one point of view...their 's. Piaget probably found that his own children at this age could not reason why their parents felt the way they did, but only reasoned from what the children knew.

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Rose and Blank argued that when a child gives the wrong answer, the experimenter hints or asks the question again (McLeod, 2010). In the study completed whilst, a script was utilised it is important to note that children have a desire to please those older than themselves and hence, would have altered their results based on the tells of the experimenter (Ray, 2016). Donaldson proposed another limitation which was the misunderstanding of the child, especially of a younger age (Rose & Blank, 1974). This misunderstanding of the task was evident in fact that some children aged 3 and 4 could not conserve even before the transformation. Meaning they failed to answer what was asked of them successfully.

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Emphasis was placed on the first few years conveying they are of critical importance for proper development. Freud communicated that we may become struck or fixed if we are not properly nurtured through a stage. Piaget (1896-1980) Piaget developed a developmental stage theory that included four-stages. He based it on the principle that children actively construct knowledge as they explore and manipulate the world around them.

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Piaget’s theory of cognitive development states four stages of cognitive development. During the first Sensorimotor Stage which Piaget

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Piaget’s theory is based on assisting others until they can help themselves. Piaget goal is to help children learn so that they can become successful as they reach adulthood. Children learn as they experience different things in their environment. This includes playing with toys and using objects that helps them physically. For example, a child who enjoys drawing could

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Cognitive development is about our ability to think, reason and remember as well as organising and making sense of information that includes processes such as reasoning and remembering (Duchesne, McMaugh, Bocher, Krause, 2013). Piaget believed that children learn by individual discovery as he called them mini scientists and this is one of the ways children’s cognitive development advances as they learn through experience (Duchesne et al, 2013). Piaget believed that cognitive development is cumulative; that is, understanding a new experience grows out of a previous learning experience (Duchesne et al, 2013). (Development precedes learning) Piaget’s theory is based on his four cognitive stages which include the sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operations stage and the formal operations stage.

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Question One (4 marks) Identify which of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development Mollie and her friends are in. Describe some key characteristics of children in this stage of cognitive development. Describe two examples from the chapter that illustrate characteristics of this stage of cognitive development. “Developmental psychology studies the way human develop and change over time.”

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Traditionally egocentricism theory has been the source of intuition for describing many characteristics of adolescent behavior. According to Elkind (1967), differential failure or egocentricism is the distinguishing failure of an adolescent to correctly conclude nature of object from another’s attention. Egocentricism occurs as a result of formal operational stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development because adolescents cannot differentiate oneself thoughts, ideas and beliefs from others. Egocentricism exists in young children (Jean Piaget 1896-1980).Young adolescents falsify reality in an abundance of assimilation of cognitive activity overcoming the actual and real with the possible and ideal (Lapsley, in press a).Adolescents egocentricism

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An experiment was conducted on children to test Cooley’s Looking-Glass Self theory. Children were told to enter a room where there was a large bowl of candy. The children were instructed to only take one piece of candy from the bowl. The children were left in the room, but were being watched through a video camera. The children were unaware of the fact that they were being watched, and took as much candy as they possibly could.

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The famous Swiss developmental psychologist, Jean Piaget in his theory also become our main source of theory to study about child development and changed the way we think about how children develop. His theory was important because he saw children as an active participants in their own learning. Between the four stages that have been stated in this Piaget theory, it is important to know which are the main stage that playing a crucial role because from there we know which one is shaping the most of development of a child. 1.1 The influence of nature versus nurture on child development.

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Piaget developed a stage theory of intellectual development that included four distinct stages: the sensorimotor stage, from birth to age 2; the preoperational stage, from age 2 to about age 7; the concrete operational stage, from age 7 to 11; and the formal operational stage, which begins in adolescence and spans into adulthood. He believed that there were four necessary ingredients for cognitive development which included: “maturation of the nervous system, experiences gained through interaction with physical world, social environment, and child’s active participation in adapting to environment & constructing knowledge from experience.” (Sullivan, 2014, Slide 3) The sensorimotor stage occurs between birth and age 2. Infants and toddlers acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and handling objects.

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His greatest strength was his research which has allowed educators, psychologists, and parents to have a greater understanding of a child’s developmental level. According to Lourenco (2012), Piaget believed that children would find the most benefit by working and learning in an educational setting that was at their own level (p. 284). As a result of his research, Piaget encouraged a comprehensive educational system that focused on the understanding of children. Thomas (2005) describe some of the weaknesses of Piaget’s theory, which include the fact that he often underestimated the ability of a child’s intellect.

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Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development Cognition is a process where different aspects of the mind are working together that lead to knowledge. Piaget’s cognitive development theory is based on stages that children go through as they grow that lead them to actively learn new information. Cognitive change occurs with schemes that children and adults go through to make sense of what is happening around them. The change that occurs is activity based when the child is young and later in life correlates to mental thinking. Piaget’s stages of cognitive development start from birth to adulthood

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Student Name: Yan Wang Theory Critique between Cognitive Theory and Socio-cultural Theory For this assignment, I have selected two theories, cognitive theory and socio-cultural theory, to compare and contrast for further understanding children development and both theories’ implication in current education. Cognitive theory studies how people think, what’s going on within people’s mind. Social-cultural theory studies how the society, the culture, other people or external environment impact individual development. This paper would firstly respectively demonstrate both theories’ basic philosophy, representative persons and their claims.

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