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Bacterial Conjunctivitis Essay

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ABSTRACT Bacterial conjunctivitis occurs in persons of all races, although differences in frequencies may be reflected by geographical variations of pathogen prevalence.The study was therefore taken up to detect the prevalence of bacterial and fungal pathogens causing occular infections and to study their antibiotic resistant profiles. A total of 44 kerato-conjunctivitis samples were collected, out of which, 31/44 (73%) were fungal isolates . The prevalence of fungal isolates was as follows- 7 Aspergillus fumigatus (22.5%), 3 Aspergillus flavus (9.67%), 4 Aspergillus nidulans (12.9%), 7 Aspergillus niger (22.5%), 10 Fusarium sps. (32.25%). A total of 39/44 (86.36%) bacterial isolates were obtained in this study. The prevalence of bacterial …show more content…

The swab was inoculated onto blood agar, MacConkey’s agar and nutrient agar, mannitol salt agar and Sabouraud's dextrose agar and was incubated at 370C for 24 hrs for bacterial culture and at room temperature for fungal isolates. Next day the colonies were picked up and preliminary identification was done and the bacterial isolates were identified based on standard protocols. LPCB was done for the identification of fungal isolates after 48 to 72 hrs.
ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTABILITY TEST
Antibiotic sensitivity test of the bacterial isolates was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method2. The following were the antibiotics used for the study-amikacin (AK 30), nalidic acid (NA 30), erythromycin (E 15), vancomycin (VA 30), tetracycline (TE 30), cefoxitin (CX 30), rifampicin (RIF 5) ciproflaxicine (Cip 5), ceftazidime (CAZ 30), cefotaxime (CTX 30), cepifime (Cpm 30), cefoperazone (CPZ 75).
Result
A total of 44 kerato-conjunctivitis samples were collected, out of which, 31/44 (73%) fungal isolates were isolated. The prevalence of fungal isolates was as follows- 7 Aspergillus fumigatus (22.5%), 3 Aspergillus flavus (9.67%), 4 Aspergillus nidulans (12.9%), 7 Aspergillus niger (22.5%), 10 Fusarium sps. (32.25%). (Figure 1 & Table …show more content…

Infective keratitis rarely occurs in normal eyes without any predisposing factors. The ocular surface is normally protected from microbial invasion through an intricate biochemical and anatomic relationship between the cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal secretory apparatus and precorneal tear film, and the eye lids. Any disruption of the same may results in less effective defense against infection and such risk factors may vary with occupation. An association has been shown between the type of risk factor and the microbial aetiology for infection 5. Corneal injury due to vegetative matter predispose mainly to fungal keratitis, while use of contact lenses and other non-traumatic risk factors to bacterial keratitis6. Thus, the analysis of such associated risk factors and the isolated microbial aetiology will help in understanding the relationship between risk factors and microbial keratitis, and is essential for initiation of empirical antimicrobial therapy with subjective interpretation of presenting clinical features for practicing ophthalmologist.

The aetiology and epidemiology of corneal ulcers vary with the patient population, geographic location and climate, and tends to vary somewhat over time 7, 8. In the present study, a total of 44 kerato-conjunctivitis samples were collected,

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