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Klebsiella Pneumonia Research Paper

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Klebsiella pneumonia or also known as Friedlanders bacillus is a disease that is found in humans and animals. The genus is named after Edwin Klebs a 19th century German Microbiologist. Klebsiella forms in soil and the water on plants. K. pneumonia is found in the digestive and respiratory systems causing lobar pneumonia, meningitis if spread into the blood stream, urinary tract infections, and would infections. Klebsiella is part of the family Enterobacteriaceae and belongs to the genus Klebsiella. This bacterium is nonmotile, lactose fermenting, rod-shaped, and a gram-negative bacilli. K. pneumonia is facultative anaerobic meaning they can grow with or without oxygen. They do not form spores and are capable of forming capsules. There are many ways to become infected by Klebsiella pneumonia. One of the most common places to catch the infection is in health care environments, which is why Kelbsiella is a nosocomial pneumonia infection. The article “Klebsiella pneumonia pathogenesis” by Microbe Wiki explains, ”Carriers rated in hospitalized patients were 19% in the pharynx, 77% in the stool, and …show more content…

The reason Klebsiella infections are highly resistant to antibiotics is because they produce an enzyme called carbapenemase (KPC-producing organisms). Since K.pneumonia produces this enzyme certain antibiotics such as carbapenems will not work. This is usually the last chance the body has of killing the infection. If a patient is infected with K.pneumonia that produces carbapenemase a microbiology laboratory will run tests to figure out what kind of antibiotic will treat the infection (CDC, 2010). Hospitals are relying on polymyxins and tigecycline to stop the infections. Published by the National Center for Biotechnology Information the author of “Emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase (KPC)-Producing

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(like you learned it in class) KPC spreads the KPC plasmid by the direct contact from patient to patient. It can also spread through the hands (if the gloves has some small holes on it) and other pieces of equipment and devices present in hospital. 2- What major step was done in order to control the spread of KPC?

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OBJECTIVES To solicit for aid to help study the biological importance of bacillus megaterium and to determine whether bacillus megaterium is susceptible or receptive to antibiotics by investigating the characteristics of the genus species and also. SUMMARY The purpose of this experiment is to be able to identify Bacillus megaterium using 16S PCR & Sequencing and also determine whether bacillus megaterium is susceptible or receptive to antibiotics using gram stain. Being able to determine whether bacillus megaterium is susceptible or receptive to antibiotics is critical to medical advancement and biotechnological enhancements.

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Starch amylase testing was equally unsubstantial since the only amylase producing bacteria was ruled out after Gram staining. Unknown #10’s negative citrate test result was also unhelpful because E. coli is citrate negative and P. vulgaris is a variable citrate producer that can also be citrate negative. H2S production in the Kligler’s Iron Agar test ultimately proved that Unknown #10 was Proteus vulgaris. P. vulgaris is the only assigned bacteria that produces H2S, so when a black precipitate obscured the yellow butt of the Kligler’s Iron Agar slant, E. coli was ruled out. Not only did the H2S product confirmed that Unknown #10 was P. vulgaris, it confirmed P. vulgaris’ motility.

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Section 1: Identification of the unknown pathogen Patient is Terrance V. Haller, a 13-year-old male who enjoys outdoor activities such as skateboarding. No previous medical history and there are no known allergies. Terrance had a skateboarding accident where there were multiple lacerations and contusions. The wound on his forearm extending to his elbow was slow healing and therefore became pus producing. The patient has since returned to his primary care physician to find out what is going on.

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Purpose: To identify an unknown microorganism by performing a series of biochemical tests on a pure bacterial culture. Materials and Methods: Tests: Lactose fermentation: Fermentation makes energy available for use by microorganisms by anaerobic breakdown of carbohydrates. The product can either be an acid or gas. When it is positive, the broth will turn from red to yellow and if gas is present a bubble is formed.

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The bacteria were not transformed and no growth was present in either

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Researchers used nursing theories to help guide research on complicated phenomena(Connelly, 2014). After reviewing evidences collected on the topic "Antibiotic therapy and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)", the most common theories that have been cited are, exposure to antibiotic, especiallyin patients that have been previously diagnosed with bacterial infections(respiratory, urinary and osteoarticular infections) are significanly at risk for acquiring CDI and theory for prevention cited was implementation of an Antibiotic stewardship program. Inaddition,hand hygiene, contact precaution and environmental cleaning protocols where other interventions listed. Concept Definitions Exposure to antibiotic- is operationally defined as the last time within 30 days a hospitalized patients received antibiotic therapy before the current hospital

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This bacteria is naturally found in fresh water, and thrives in warm bodies of water, its ideal growth temperature is 90 to 108 F. Exposure to this bacteria would cause one of two types of diseases the first would be Pontiac fever or Legionellosis. Pontiac fever is a milder version of the infections, symptoms can be very similar to the flu. This is a respiratory infection, which normal resolves on its own, without treatment. Many people who do become infected never

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An antibiotic inhibit the spread of bacteria and infections and also relieves its symptoms. With treatment, the individual should start feeling better in a day or two. The individual is less likely contagious after 24 hours from when he/she started the treatment. It is important to take the medication as doctor’s prescribed. This means finishing all the medicine.

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The earliest descriptions of Klebsiella pneumoniae

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A single person with, “pertussis can infect up to 12 to 15 other people” (Pertussis F.A.Q). Pertussis(Whooping Cough) is an easily transmitted virus, its vaccine has been developed, and Pertussis seems to be a near to nothing problem in the future. To begin with pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough is, “a very contagious disease caused by a type of bacteria called Bordetella Pertussis” (Causes and Transmissions). It’s a common disease in the United States, it has reported peaks every 3 to 5 years and has frequent outbreaks. Pertussis easily passes from person to person due to the fact that it is capable of becoming airborne.

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The Another medium used was MAC, it is used to isolate and differentiate gram-negative organisms and it is a pink, dusty rose color. Lastly, the Citrate Slant is a green color and it was used as a differential test to examine enzymes. The media were inoculated at 37°C for 48 hours, then it was observed to determine the

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Pediatric pneumonia is the most common cause of mortality in children. Although , there are cures for this infection , if not detected early , it can pose to be life threatening. Most cases of pediatric pneumonia are found in developing countries like Bangladesh , Nigeria and the Sub Saharan Region. According to WHO , as of 2013 , the causality rate caused by pneumonia is at 2 million, amongst children under the age of five. This dramatically rising number proves that there is a need to understand the etiology of this infection , and determine what factors can be assessed to help in early detection of pneumonia.

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