How To Reduce Medical Error In Research

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Benjamin DM: according to him reducing medication errors and improving patient safety have become common topics of discussion in United States. Federal and state legislators, the insurance industry, pharmaceutical companies, health care professionals, and patients are worried about the error scenario in the country. According to him improving the judicious use of medications and minimizing adverse drug reactions have always been key areas of research and study for people working in clinical pharmacology, added to the older terms of adverse drug reactions and rational therapeutics, the now politically correct expression of medication error has emerged. The word error has drawn attention to another term "prevention" and all

According to him one can make an error of omission (failure to act correctly) or an error of commission (acted incorrectly). By applying the failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) to determine what part of the "safety net" that failed. An error can be prevented. However, the practice of medicine, pharmacy, and nursing in the hospital setting is very complicated, and so many steps occur from "pen to patient" that there is a lot to analyze. errors can also occur as a result of poor oral or written communications. The informed consent process should be used as a patient safety tool, and the patient should be warned about material and foreseeable serious side effects and be told what signs and symptoms should be immediately. . Faculty systems must be redesigned, and seamless, computerized integrated medication delivery must be instituted by health care professionals adequately trained to use such technological advances. Handwritten prescriptions should be replaced by computerized physician order entry, a very effective technique for reducing prescribing/ordering errors, and an effective change would involve writing all drug orders in plain English, rather than continuing to use the elitists' arcane Latin words and shorthand abbreviations that are subject

Balanced prescribing is a process that involves recommending a medicine which is suitable to the patient's condition and, within the limits created by the uncertainty that attends therapeutic decisions. It is a dosage schedule that optimizes the balance of benefit to harm. The necessary steps in achieving this are (1) careful attention to the history, examination, and investigation of the patient's state and drug therapy, (2) accurate diagnosis, (3) detailed attention to prescribing the dosage regimen in the light of the therapeutic goal, (4) careful writing of the prescription and (5) regular monitoring of therapy, including attention to beneficial outcomes, adverse reactions, and patient adherence. The two major necessities in determining the dosage regimen are (A) understanding the pathophysiology of a health problem and balancing it to the mechanisms of action of the relevant medicines and (B) assessing the benefit to harm equilibrium of the therapy, although the difficulties in doing this in the individual are great. The major challenges that occur in prescribing include stipulation of adequate education for all prescribers early in their undergraduate training and maintaining their expertise after graduation, obtaining proof to inform appropriate monitoring of therapy, reducing the incidence of medication errors, and providing high quality information that will at the same time guide prescribing decisions