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Mental health issues in juvenile offenders
Annotated bibliography on mental health in juvenile justice
Juvenile mental illness and crime
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These youth have been convicted of dangerous crimes such as rape, murder, arson, burglary, and numerous other offenses. Commonly, the correctional system of America is more into warehousing criminals and focusing on the punishments of the crime; not focusing towards rehabilitation or treatment to attempt to fix the criminal and their behaviors that cause these actions. This particular youth facility was one of the very few to use different forms of aggressive rehabilitation to treat each juvenile. With different types of therapists working at Giddings, there are as many unique treatment sessions to be offered for each offender. During “Part One: The Boys,” Hubner begins discussing how the staff is able to identify if a student is a psychopath and unaffected by the treatment provided.
There are indication that most criminals have a juvenile records in the US, indicating that crime manifests from a tender age. Therefore, to reverse the incidence of crime, it follows that the best strategy is to reduce the criminal orientation in the juvenile offenders as opposed to hardening them and preparing them for criminal careers. The case of the Crossroads Juvenile Center demonstrates the willingness of the juvenile justice systems to make these changes on the children. References Day, S. (2014). Runaway Man: A Journey Back to Hope.
The Juvenile Justice Delinquency Prevention and Protection Act (JJDPA) was established in 1974 and was the first federal law that dealt comprehensively with juvenile delinquency to improve the juvenile justice system and support state and local efforts at delinquency prevention. This paper will assess the JJDPA and summarize its purpose and implementation and enforcement. Next, there will be a discussion of the historical context of the policy; followed by a focus of the latent consequences. Finally there will be a vignette as to how this Act has affected a person or family as well as personal reflection toward the policy.
Youthful offenders go to juvenile justice charged with the different detention custody, diagnosis. They have a Department of Youth Services (DYS) is for comprehensive and coordinated program also have youth referred. They DYS has to employ medical, dental, psychiatric, social work, psychological, investigative, legal. The History of Juvenile was Massachusetts in the (1906-1996) and children charged with crimes and any other defendant under age seven. Initial Theory and treat juvenile offenders also guidance rather than as criminals.
Truth be told, the greater part of the court's misconduct work is in the treatment of an expansive volume of violations against property, for example, robbery, vandalism, and engine vehicle burglary. In 1992, police made 2.3 million arrests of juveniles nationally. Of these, approximately two-thirds, or 1,471,200, resulted in a referral to juvenile court. Contrary to public perception, the most serious charge was a property offense in 57% of the cases; an offense against a person, such as robbery or aggravated assault, in 21% of the cases; a public order offense, such as disorderly conduct, in 17% of the cases; and a drug law violation in the remaining 5% of the cases (Carol S. Stevenson, 1996). Children in this country are more likely to become victims of crime than adults.
Juvenile court has come a long way from not giving juveniles rights in the court system, but now juveniles have rights, and society should understand and learn that even though juveniles are young at committing crimes, or even a part of the crimes they must have rights even away from adult offenders who could hurt them, and the court system who has to go by the law should give them the appropriate punishment based on the state law.
There are many children in the world who are being put behind bars and detained for alleged wrongdoing without protections they are entitled to. Throughout the world, children are charged and sentenced for actions that should not be considered as adult crimes. Here in the United States, the minimum age of criminal responsibility is age 12. Law enforcement officials and those in the juvenile justice system nationwide tend to mistreat underage individuals by trying cases while working through the lens of an adult. Unfair punishments are still handed down domestically, which is in violation of Supreme Court law.
Where is the justice in a system that allows juveniles to be made into victims of heinous crimes while not providing these children with necessary rehabilitation? Adult prisons are terrible environments for rehabilitation of juvenile criminals. Juveniles are at high risk for sexual abuse and suicide in prison. “Congressional findings in the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 posited that juveniles were five times as likely to be sexually assaulted in adult rather than in juvenile facilities - often within their first 48 hours of incarceration.
There are differences between a juvenile court and criminal court in the United States. The focus of the juvenile justice system is on rehabilitation, in hope of deterring the minor away from a life of crime so they will not commit a crime again as an adult. In contrast, the criminal justice system focuses on the punishment and often bases the sentencing outcome on the criminal history of the youth. In a study conducted, Butler (2011) showed that the participants’ experience with adult jails and prisons show that those facilities may instill fear but are otherwise emotionally—and often physically—dangerous for youth. Many of the adult prisoners, who were minors when they enter the adult institution, felt they were forced to “grow
This past Thursday we watched in class a video on young offenders who were prosecuted for very serious crimes, this video really brought to my attention the many factors that contribute to young children making life-altering choices like murder or robbery. These children or teenagers, who truly are children, are in the juvenile system and are being faced with the hard truth of adult consequences for their actions. Regardless of the crime that was committed by these young offenders, the various stories we heard from the inmates had many factors that contributed to their reason behind their crimes. However, the prison system is not catering to the needs of the young and protecting their mental health in order to help to properly prepare them for “adult life” after they serve their time.
Juvenile offenders often have an unstable or dysfunctional living situation or display psychological problems. For this reason, psychological evaluations are an essential part of juvenile court. A study done by Baglivio (2009) suggested that psychologists, and psychiatrists regularly use psychological evaluations of juvenile offenders to determine the recidivism of the individual. To reduce the risk of recidivism, juvenile court provides the offender with the necessary treatments needed, as determined through the psychological evaluation conducted by the health care expert. Juvenile court is geared toward rehabilitation of the offender, so courts often request psychological evaluations to assist in legal decisions (Viljoen, McLachlan, & Vincent, 2010).
Rather than receiving proper rehabilitative care, young people are incarcerated in violent, unsafe facilities that compound pre existing problems, such as child abuse, mental illness, learning disabilities, and school failure ... Incarcerated youth are being abused and neglected by the very persons entrusted with the responsibility for their safety and rehabilitation Ellis Cose
Annotated bibliography Childress, S. (2016, June 2). More States Consider Raising the Age for Juvenile Crime. Retrieved from PBS: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/more-states-consider-raising-the-age-for-juvenile-crime/ More states are considering to raising the age for juvenile crimes before being tried as adult because young offender's mental capacity. The idea is to cut the cost of incarcerate young offender in adult prison and ensure offenders to receive proper education and specialized care to change their behavior. Putting children in adult prison does not deter crime.
According to statistics, approximately two million juveniles under the age of 18 in the United States are arrested each year. Over 600,000 of them are placed in detention centers annually and approximately 95,000 reside in secure juvenile correctional settings on any given day. Further numbers suggest that the United States leads all industrialized nations worldwide in juvenile incarcerations. With criminal records also come detrimental consequences including: difficulty of finding employment, loss of public housing, immigration concerns, increased drop-out rates and the potential of recidivism. Research on the development of the juvenile brain and the negative consequences that come with focusing solely on commitment into a facility make
(1988). Juvenile Delinquency: Theory, Practice and Law (3rd ed.). United States of America: West Publishing Company. Wright, W. &.
