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Methanol Production Lab Report

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The Methanol Production Chemical equilibrium, it is simply defined as a reaction occurring at equal rates in its forward and reverse directions, so that the concentrations of the reacting substances do not change with time. It describes the characteristic of maintaining a balance of reactions, and can be applied to varying mediums, many of which are chemical reactions. One such example of chemical equilibrium that is representative in real life is the production of methanol through the combination of both Hydrogen atoms and Carbon Monoxide molecules. The synthesis reaction can be represented by the equation: CO(g) + 2 H2(g) ↔ CH3OH(g) Were all species are in a gaseous state, In the synthesis of of methanol, large amounts of hydrogen and …show more content…

But with varying levels of temperature the concentrations of either the reactants or products can change. For example: CO(g) + 2 H2(g) + HEAT ↔ CH3OH(g) …show more content…

But with varying levels of pressure the concentrations of either the reactants or products can change. For example: CO(g) + 2 H2(g) ↔ CH3OH(g) If the pressure is increased the equilibrium will shift to the right, the side with the fewest moles and create more product, while if there was a decrease in pressure the equilibrium would shift left, to the side with the most moles, creating more reactants. Now that the main factors affecting the equilibrium are known, the reasons behind why such a disturbance would occur can be explained. throughout the synthesis of methanol, many safety precautions must be adhered many of which include safe operating temperatures and pressures. this is important to note because it allows for technicians to both optimize (in this case increase) both the temperature and pressure to help shift the equilibrium and as a result produce the most product (Methanol) in the safest environment. The maximum temperature allowed during the synthesis is roughly 400 degrees Celsius, while the maximum pressure allowed is around 300 ATM. this is helpful in many ways, since the reaction is optimized a large sum of product will be created which will continue to supply the demand for

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Extra facts Written equation for methanol is; ethanol + oxygen carbon dioxide + water When fuels are combusted in an excess of oxygen they have ungone complete combustion When fuels are combusted in a limited amount of oxygen they are said to have undergone incomplete combustion Cobalt chloride paper goes blue to pink if H2O is present Limewater goes cloudy when CO2 is present When balancing equations make sure you balance in this following order; C atoms, H atoms and O atoms (Carbons, Hydrogens, Oxygens) A balanced equation of methane: CH4 + 2O2 ---> CO2 + 2H2O A balanced equation for propane: C4H8 + 5O2 ---> 4H2O + 3CO2

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To go in more depth, 98.2% is a high yield, despite the inaccuracies due to time constraints, and the inability to the recrystallize the benzoic acid. As mentioned earlier, product might have been lost during the many filtration procedures in the experiment, as not all of the product was poured out from the flask, onto the filter. Since, recrystallization could not be done, the benzoic acid was immediately transferred onto the watch glass, and it is when transferring some product could have been left on the filter. Overall, pouring product into the filter, and trying to get every particle of product from the flask for each filtration procedure in the experiment, is rather difficult, and is impossible to get every bit of product. Another key possibility, though it fortunately did not occur in the experiment, a green, or purple result

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This was controlled by adding a sufficient amount of distilled water to each condition, so the volume stays consistent. The temperature must be controlled because it can affect the rate of reaction, if the temperature increases then the rate of reaction would also increase. To make sure that the temperature is consistent in each condition, this experiment was conducted in one period of time in the same room. Lastly, the size of the beaker needs to be the same because reactions in smaller beakers may occur more quickly than those in bigger beakers because there is more pressure. Therefore, when doing this experiment, the sizes of the beakers were the same.

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Now, along the long line of the history of chemistry, scientists have used symbols, formulas, and equations to indicate the elements present, the relative amounts of elements, and the variety of combinations of atoms during a chemical change. As a bonus, you can also find out how much product will be formed or how much reactant is needed, based on the masses of the substances involved. The science that deals with the manipulation of said variables is called Stoichiometry. Stoichiometry,

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