Mongols Impact on the Muslim world The Mongol Empire was the largest empire that ever existed. The Mongols were nomadic tribes from Mongolia. Five tribal confederations united under the leadership of Genghis Khan. The Mongols practiced Shamanism as their religion. They began leaving Mongolia in the early 1200s and capturing territory in all directions.
The Mongol’s brutal campaigns wiped out whole settlements and caused 40 million people’s deaths. As a result, so much land returned to forests. This was the first manmade global cooling. In 1220, they took Samarkand and Bukhara from the Muslims. Later in 1258, they sacked Baghdad which ended the Abbasid Empire. While destroying Baghdad, they killed between 100,000 to 1 million people. They
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The Persian Ilkhanate was a breakaway state of the Mongol Empire. They practiced Buddhism, but they treated all religions equally. Gradually, the Mongols began to accept Islam. In 1295, Islam became the religion of the state. The Mongols built many beautiful mosques and madrasas during this time. They became great patrons of learning the the Muslim world. They also took Muslim physicians and scientists to China because they recognized them to be the best available at the time. Even though the Mongols converted to Islam, they still fought with the other Muslim states, especially the Mamluks.
In 1370, Tamerlane, a Muslim descendant of Genghis Khan, swept across the heart of the Muslim world, establishing a vast empire. Attempted to revive Genghis' kingdom and seized control of the majority of rebel khanates. Tamerlane called himself the ‘Sword of Islam’, but his campaigns killed 17 million people.
The Mongols left some bad and good legacies in the Muslim world. They built beautiful buildings and became great patrons art and science. Yet, they killed many Muslim scientists and scholars. They destroyed libraries and destroyed valuable knowledge. They wiped out most of the cultural, scientific, and technological legacy that the Muslim scholars were working on for 500 years. The Muslim world never regained their