ipl-logo

Muscle Research Paper

682 Words3 Pages

Muscles are essential for life. There are three types of muscles. Cardiac, smooth, and skeletal. Four key characteristics for muscles are excitability, contractility, extensibility and elasticity. Excitability pertains to a muscles’ ability to respond to stimuli. This is important for external and internal changes in the body. Contractility is the ability to shorten when sufficiently stimulated. Extensibility is the capability to stretch or extend. When being contracted, muscle cells shorten; but they can be stretched even more when relaxed. Elasticity allows muscles cells to recoil and resume its resting length after being stretched out. These characteristics aid to permit movement, the up-keeping of stance and positions, stabilization of …show more content…

This group of diseases is caused by mutations that hinder the production of the proteins needed to create healthy muscles. Muscular dystrophy affects the muscles of the hip, pelvic area, thighs, shoulders and the heart (mda.org). There are different types of muscular dystrophy, all with different levels of severity. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is the most common form of muscle dystrophy; accounting for more than fifty percent of all cases (nichd.nih.gov). It is prevalent in children; typically boys, age ranging from three to five. DMD is caused by a lack of the protein dystrophin. This protein helps to support and shield the muscle cells from injury (Darras). One will start to develop weakness in the upper legs and the pelvis. People with DMD usually fall a lot, have a hard time doing physical activity, have trouble rising for sitting or lying down, wobble when walking and have large calf muscles due to the accumulation of fat. The majority if DMD patients are incapable of walking by age twelve. They end up needing a respirator to aid with breathing. Most patients die in their teens or early twenties. Symptoms that caused their deaths are reported to be heart problems, infection and respiratory complications …show more content…

It can progress either quickly or slowly. It is also triggered by a lack of dystrophin. Symptoms of BMD are related to those symptoms found in DMD. People with Becker muscular dystrophy may walk on the tip of their toes, have regular muscle cramps, fall down a lot and may have a hard time getting up from the floor. Symptoms are usually found in males, age eleven to twenty-five. Some patients with BMD end up being confined to a wheelchair in their teens or their middle life. Others do not have such severe symptoms (nichd.nih.gov). Progressive muscles weakening affects more than just mobility. Breathing can be affected, especially during the night time. The weakened muscles may also cause curvature in the spine. Heart muscles are sad to have been weakened in certain cases, lowering the hearts’ effectiveness. Feeding tubes may have to be used if one’s swallowing is affected. Nutritional issues and aspiration pneumonia are possible problems that may evolve

Show More
Related
462 Words | 2 Pages

The disease Duchenne muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is the most common form of muscular dystrophy (1) in fact 3 out of every 10,000 births will result in a male born with this disorder (2). DMD is a recessive sex linked disorder that can only be passed down to the child if his mother is the carrier (2, 3). Symptoms for DMD are confinement to a wheel chair by the age of 11at the latest and are expected to die in their twenties to forties (2, 4). This is because DMD causes progressive muscle weakness and will reduce muscle tone throughout the body. Muscle weakness will usually begin its onset by the age of three (4).

Read More
2024 Words | 9 Pages

Case Study of Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome Introduction This case study is about Ehlers – Danlos Syndrome. [1]Ehlers – Danlos Syndrome is a condition that cause connective tissue that cannot support the skin and it also affect the sign and symptoms of ehlers - Danlos syndrome. The person who has this type of condition (Ehlers - Danlos syndrome) there is a chance that the person can have flexible joints, stretchy, fragile skin which can lead an issue of a wound because the skin cannot heal a wound.

Read More
589 Words | 3 Pages

According to WebMD, the first type of spinal muscular disease is the most serious variant due to the fact that most children with type 1 fail to live past two years of age from breathing issues because the muscles that control breathing are feeble. Symptoms of type 1 include limp arms and legs as well as the trouble swallowing. Moreover, type 2 spinal muscular atrophy occurs with children from six to eighteen months old. According to the National Organization for Rare Diseases, children with type 2 are able to sit on their own, but fail to walk more than 10 feet, however, once they mature to a teenager, they will be unable to sit independently. A symptom common for people diagnosed with type 2 is the fingers quivering (National Organization for Rare Diseases).

Read More
1034 Words | 5 Pages

Rhabdomyolysis: an imbalance of toxins in blood due to the breakdown on skeletal muscle, could be just that. This disease can affect athletes of all ages and has devastating consequences. When, for instance a wrestler is hit hard on the mat and he injures a muscle, we normally wait for a bruise to arise and figure it will be gone quite soon. This impact on the muscle can actually lead to muscle damage or muscle death. The death of skeletal muscle tissue can leak poisonous intramuscular toxins such as myoglobin and creatine kinase (CK) into the blood stream and have you in the hospital within hours (Torres 2015).

Read More
753 Words | 4 Pages

Therefore, they can be diagnosed by detecting abnormal movements. If the patient diagnosed with rigidity that causes a condition of stiffness, inflexibility, and resistance to the muscle motion, it means that the patient has HD[6]. The patient is diagnosed with PD only if chorea, a symptom where the patient experience involuntary movements and rapid motion, is observed.[5] In short, PD and HD are progressive diseases that share the same general characteristics, but if studied closely many remarkable differences can be

Read More
647 Words | 3 Pages

This is due to a lack of a protein that is essential in helping to create and maintain muscle tissue. Sufferers of SMA have bodies that

Read More
968 Words | 4 Pages

When you have ALS, the motor neurons die and are unable to signals to the muscles, bringing about muscle failure (“Amyotrophic”). As the sickness progresses

Read More
342 Words | 2 Pages

Skeletal muscle injuries are a major problem faced by high-performance athletes and amateurs in different sports and often result in time lost from practice and competition [1, 2]. The impact caused by muscle injuries has led to the important search for new prevention strategies and therapeutic tools that can minimize muscle damage, enhance the repair process and optimize treatment. Muscle injury results in a rapid early response by neutrophils to remove necrotic tissue and monocyte infiltration that generates functionally diverse macrophage subpopulations, followed by regeneration of damaged tissue and resolution of inflammation within days after injury [3-6]. Initially macrophages adopt a pro-inflammatory or M1 polarization (classically

Read More
1568 Words | 7 Pages

As the muscle degenerates it causes scarring or hardening (sclerosis) in the particular region. Degeneration of the motor neurons in ALS eventually leads to their death of the neurons. When it occurs, the ability of the brain to initiate and muscle movement control is lost. Since voluntary muscle action gets affected, people may lose their ability to speak, eat, move and breathe. It may also be said that it is neurodegeneration with prodilection for the cortico motor neurons in the motor cortex and the bulbar and spinal motor neurons.

Read More
1075 Words | 5 Pages

1.1 INTRODUCTION Myasthenia Gravis as well as known by the name (MG) is autoimmune neuromuscular disease that caused weakness in the skeletal muscles, the muscle that are used for movement to do activity of daily living. Myasthenia Gravis are caused by the neuromuscular disorder. The neuromuscular disorder for Myasthenia Gravis occurs when communication between nerve cells and muscles becomes impaired. This neuromuscular disorder caused the important muscle to make the contraction movement from occurring, that caused muscle weakness, resulting rapid fatigue of any of the muscles under voluntary control. Symptoms include drooping of one or both eyelids, diplopia and difficulty swallowing, chewing and speaking.

Read More
919 Words | 4 Pages

Cystic fibrosis is a frameshift mutation. Parkinson’s disease is a nervous system disorder that effects the body’s ability to move. The disease comes gradually; it can start by having just a slightly shaky hand or foot and escalate to shaking all over. Sometimes there can be stiffness or result in not being able to move very quickly. The beginning stages of Parkinson’s can show very minimal symptoms.

Read More
1643 Words | 7 Pages

There are many causes of being diagnosed with this illness some of these causes are, four possibilities exist that limit joint movements: 1) abnormal development of muscles; 2) inadequate room in the uterus for the baby; 3) a malformed central nervous system and spinal cord; and 4) tendons, joints, bones, and joint linings which did not mature correctly. The decrease in range of motion is also caused by extra tissue that has formed around the joint, prohibiting movement. The most common universal symptom of AMC is limited or absent movement around small and large joints (contractures). The contractures are present at birth (congenital).

Read More
821 Words | 4 Pages

Lower Extremity Ailments in Seniors Anyone can have a lower extremity ailment but the elderly people are the commonly affected since their lower limbs have already experienced a lot of wear and tear due to their old age. As you get older, you’ll have more difficulties getting mobile especially if you don’t lead a healthy life during your younger years. Physically inactive individuals have a higher risk of developing lower extremity ailments when they get older because of their weak and poor lower limbs. Watch out for these lower extremity ailments.

Read More
617 Words | 3 Pages

This illness will over time will contract your muscles and basically make them weak during different stages. With Alzheimer’s diseases there is 7 different stages. Each stage will bring something new along with it weather it is physical or mental. Usually during the first couple of stages the person diagnosed will usually be given a cane or walker because of the muscles starting to get rigid and weak. With the muscles beginning to get rigid and weak they begin to loose physical activity that they used to be able to do and can be given a wheel chair if needed or towards the end most every person is bed-bound.

Read More
723 Words | 3 Pages

It will very slowly shut down each individual part of you body until you die. For this reason the person that is diagnosed with this type of disease is forced to take life slow and be very

Read More

More about Muscle Research Paper

Related Topics

Open Document