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Name And Describe Two Research Methods In Personality Psychology Paper

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. Name and describe two research methods in personality psychology. Two research methods personality psychologist use are observation and experimental research. Observation involves either naturalistic or laboratory-based observation where scientist obtain information about a variable or behavior from the primary source through structured or unstructured scientific observation. Experimental research is quantitative and allows personality psychologist to manipulate one or more variable, the independent variable, in order to study the change, the dependent variable that results.

2. What are the differences between the nomothetic and idiographic approach? Which approach would you prefer to use in order to study personality (and why)?
The nomothetic
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There will be an evaluation of both approaches, taking a view on just how useful they are when attempting to understand personality. In order for personality traits to be developed, psychologists focused back on language in order to find the correct basis for scientific experimentation, this meant that psychologists extracted relevant terms from the dictionary so that they would be able to classify certain traits. Researchers believed that many of the relevant terms that would be seen as valid sources for scientific taxonomy can be found in our natural language. This 'Lexical approach' suggests that most of the socially relevant and salient personality characteristics have become encoded into out natural language.

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According to Dictionary.com (2017), the definition of psychology is: “The scientific study of mental processes and behaviour. The behavioural and cognitive characteristics of a specific individual, group, activity, or circumstance.” Psychology studies human mental functioning and behaviour by the use of systematic, scientific study known as the scientific method. The scientific method is a standardised way of making observations, gathering data, forming theories, testing predictions and interpreting results. Courses.lumenlearning.com (2017) stated that the scientific method is based on the following process: 1.Ask a question.

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The three different research methods are naturalistic observations, surveys, and case studies. A naturalistic observation is when someone is observing people or animals in a natural environment or set. A naturalistic observation would be good to use when you observing people in a a cafeteria. For example under appropriate conditions, you can observe the amount of people who naturally order healthy food verses unhealthy food. Naturalistic observation are good only if you take the time to observe people in their natural environments.

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It’s a quantitative method that is specifically used in psychology researches and it examines whether two variables such as events, behaviuors, properties, and characteristics are casually related. In other words, it is a scientific and systematic approach to research, in which the researcher can manipulate and control the variables i,e an independent variable is manipulated and the dependent variable is measured and it could be called a true experiment. The main advantage of this method is that it allows us to determine and regulate cause and effect, and further it allows us to control the effects of extraneous variables. Experimental method involves some kind of measurement and a mathematical calculation is frequently involved.

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