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Nt1330 Unit 3 Application Programming Case Study

658 Words3 Pages

1. Describe the functions of the kernel, service, and command layers of an OS. The kernel basically acts as the interface between hardware and applications. The kernel is also known as the engine or core of an OS, the outermost part of an operating system that interacts with user commands. Some of the kernel’s tasks are resource allocation, process management, memory management, input/output device management, and security management. It basically mediates access to system resources. The kernel is the vital center of a computer operating system. The service layer acts as a source to resources for application programs such as folder manipulation, input/output device access, starting/stopping programs, and creating, moving, and resizing GUI windows. …show more content…

How and why does a thread move from the ready state to the running state? How and why does a thread move from the running state to the blocked state? How and why does a thread move from the blocked state to the ready state? A thread moves from the ready to running after it has been dispatched by the scheduler. The scheduler is the decision maker for preemptive scheduling, priority based scheduling, and real-time scheduling. Ready states are basically just waiting/idle states waiting on availability of the CPU. Once the CPU is available dispatch begins and the instructions are being executed.
A thread moved from running to blocked state when an error is given to the process, when the process requests another resource, or when the process is waiting for some event to happen before it proceeds. A process is put into a blocked state if it requests something for which it must wait. Once an interrupt is received the CPU will suspend the thread that is currently being executed by calling the supervisor to suspend …show more content…

What is a process control block, and what is it used for?
A process block control is a data structure containing information about an active process. PCB is used for storing the collected information about the processes and allows the OS to locate key information about a process such as the name, state of the process, resources that are allocated to the process, scheduling information, process ID, and input/output devices that are used by the process.

7. What is a thread? What resources does it share with other threads in the same process?
A thread commonly referred to as a light weight process, is a portion of a process that can be scheduled and executed independently by the operating system. A thread shares primary storage, files, memory, and input/output devices all from their parent processes.

10. Describe the operation of virtual memory management.
Basically it is a method that the OS uses to minimize the amount of process code and data stored in memory by dividing pages and memory into frames. This also frees up the memory for other processes to use. Virtual memory management divides a program into partitions called pages. The virtual memory management feature allows your pc to compensate for physical memory shortages temporarily by transferring the data from RAM to disk storage. When a program is executing they are sent to a certain page frame and the rest are held in secondary storage. Pages that are needed in secondary storage will be copied to page frames. Since

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The SIFS( Shortest Inter-Frame Space),derives the time between the last transmission and high priority transmissions such as positive acknowledgments(ACKs),Clear-To-Send(CTS)frames,polling responses, continuation frames in a burst transmission. priority is given to the positive ACK frames so that a station which has just completed the reception of a frame can give immediate feedback to the sender. RTS and CTS frame coordinate correspondence between sets of stations so that different stations know not the medium to be free for the time of the exchange .This is one of the reasons for why the control frames have priority over normal data transmissions. If a station finished transmitting a frame and has enough time left to send an additional frame, it is allowed to send after a SIFS.

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1495 Words | 6 Pages

Hey my name is Keith Starks and I want to start talking about how LED Pendulum Metronome started from and the founder of LED Pendulum Metronome. In 1696 Etienne Louie first successfully used an adjustable pendulum in the construction of the first mechanical metronome. Also his design did not make any sound and did not include an escapement with which to keep the pendulum in motion. And I think In order to get the correct pulse with this kind of visual devices, the person that working on it needs to watch the precise moment where the pendulum is exactly vertical. Also as the left and right positions are constantly changing due to the decreasing amplitude.

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556 Words | 3 Pages

In 4th chapter I learned about CPU and other aspects related to it such as RISC and CISC.CPU stands for central processing unit and it is very suitable name for it as it processes the instructions that it gathers from files. Following diagrams explain the basic architecture of CPU: CPU performance is given by the fundamental law: Thus, CPU performance is dependent upon Instruction Count, CPI (Cycles per instruction) and Clock cycle time. And all three are affected by the instruction set architecture. Instruction Count CPI Clock Program x Compiler x x Instruction Set Architecture x x x Microarchitecture

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657 Words | 3 Pages

After compiling all of the ingredients into a numbered list, I find out that every product “purchased” at Harris Teeter would account for $116.19 over the budget. The few adjustments I made to my shopping list beforehand did not help reduce the total to a reasonable price either. While I was going through all of the products at home, I crossed out a few unnecessary items that were optional or switched to products with a lower price just to see if I could be within the budget. Eventually, after I was done “shopping” and tallying up all of the prices, the cost still exceeded the price that I calculated in my head. As I went down the aisles searching for foods on my grocery list, I kept a close eye out for products that had nutritious labels such as organic, fresh, or low in sodium so that the college student I chose could receive the right amount of nutrients needed for a healthy lifestyle.

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1221 Words | 5 Pages

5D0B is the address of the memory location MOVEX (ARx0),DRx0 // here DRX0 contains the value stored in the address stored in ARx0 Syntax : # , MOVEx #5D0B,(ARx0) //here, 5D0B is stored in Address specified in ARx0 Register. Syntax : # , MOVEx #5D0B,(ARx0)+ //here, 5D0B is stored in Address specified in ARx0 Register and value in ARx0 is incremented

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61 Words | 1 Pages

Hi Cindy. I have a question about winter quarter schedule. CTSC 5310(Clinical epidemiology II) requires CTSC 5300(Introduction to Clinical Epidemiology) as a prerequisite. Would it be possible to attend these two courses at the same quarter?

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92 Words | 1 Pages

#include #include void main(){ int n,i=0,k,digit; char * ptr[100]; printf("Enter any integer: "); scanf("%d",&n); while(n){ digit = n %10; n = n /10; switch(digit){ case 0: ptr[i++] = "zero"; break; case 1: ptr[i++] = "one"; break; case 2: ptr[i++] = "two"; break; case 3: ptr[i++] = "three"; break; case 4: ptr[i++] = "four"; break; case 5: ptr[i++] = "five"; break; case 6: ptr[i++]

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512 Words | 3 Pages

Generally this week programming assignment was not easy for me to do, there have been a lot of up and down and I find it a little challenging to finish my programming assignment. But unfortunately I was not able to submit my work because by the time I finished, it was too late for me to submit, but I learnt a lot on return values which only can you pass a parameter value into a function, a function can also produce a value. The built-in functions such as abs, pow, int, max, and range, have produced results. Calling each of these functions generates a value, which we usually assign to a variable or use as part of an expression. You have already seen this in some previous functions that you have used.

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436 Words | 2 Pages

There are many operating systems but I am not listing all of them. One operating system is Windows, made by Microsoft. Another operating system is Mac, made by Apple. And one operating system you most likely don 't know is Linux, Linux is an open source operating system and it is the fastest, tho you probably don 't and will never use it. An open-source operating system is an operating system that you can edit like Windows is not an open source operating system so you can’t edit it, but in Linux, you can edit its operating system.

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Elementary: Cornerstone 4 World Languages CORNERSTONE 4 MY FAMILY VACATION! Cornerstone Lead Developer: Marta M. Rivera E.J.D. Spanish Teacher, H.D. Cooke E.S. Feedback 139_1906487.jpg Bill Bachmann / Photo Researchers / Universal Images Group Rights Managed /

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To repair the data in such environment, we confront two main challenges: 1. How to formally define the stability of the data, that is, how to measure the value in this cell is more stable than that in the other cells; 2. How to detect the violation when data continues changing. We define the stability by generating a history relation (or it is assumed to have) w.r.t the original database. The history relation keeps track of the updates history for every cell.

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1721 Words | 7 Pages

In event-driven systems every action an OS has to perform is triggered by an event (e.g., a timer, an interruption indicating new sensor readings or an incoming radio packet). The multi-threaded OS multiplexes execution time between the different tasks, implemented as threads. While switching from one thread to another, the current context has to be saved and the new context must be restored. As I have done my extensively on TinyOS so further I will discuss about TinyOS. V.

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702 Words | 3 Pages

The second is storage the fees of a memory process referring to the retention of information. The third phase is the retrieval the process

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1165 Words | 5 Pages

Before we can say that a team is agile, it is important to have a good knowledge of what is an agile methodology and what are the roles associated with it [1]. Delivering high priority work is agile project management value-driven approach. For software projects which change constantly, long delays often cripple the project. Hence, finalizing requirements are expected by customers well before they can test prototypes. Agile Project management is about embracing change, even ate in the development stage.

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865 Words | 4 Pages

ABSTRACT: Computer architecture, like other architecture, is the art of determining the needs of the user of a structure and then designing to meet those needs as effectively as possible within economic and technological constraints. INTRODUCTION: computer architecture is a set of disciplines that describe the functionality, organization and implementation of computer systems. Some definitions of architecture define it as describing the capabilities and programming model of a computer but not a particular implementation.

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