Occupational Segregation: Global Discrimination
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“The gender wage gap also exists for all levels of education” (Kendall; Linden; Murray, 2001).As it was
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The year the Equal Pay Act was passed into law (1963) the wage gap between a man and women working full time was 41 cents with women making 59 cents for every dollar a man earned. Since then, the income disparity has decreased by almost 50 percent. In 2014, the wage gap was 21 cents with women making 79 cents for every dollar a man earned (The Wage Gap Over Time). This 20 cent decrease in the wage gap since 1963 shows how significant of a difference the Equal Pay Act and its enforcement through Corning Glass Works v Brennan, along with other court cases, have been. The current 21 cent wage gap today shows that the issue of unequal pay based on sex still exists, and that more needs to be done to close this gap.
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On January 29th, 2009 President Obama signed his first bill, the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act. Recognition to pass the bill began when Lilly Ledbetter received an anonymous letter stating the male managers and their surprisingly larger salaries. Ledbetter decided to take Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. to court, however, the judge ruled in favor of Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., which then lead to the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act. The act states that as long as workers file their charges within 180 days (or 300 days in some jurisdictions) from the time they received any discriminatory paycheck, they are able to file a claim (Committee On Education & The Workforce Democrats). Although the act is better than the Equal Pay Act of 1963, which only allowed 180 days from the first discriminatory paycheck to file a claim, there are still problems with the act.
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Bill C-51: A Critical Look Into the Proposed Bill as It Stands. Since the incidents of september 11 2001, most western countries instituted and updated its anti terrorism laws in order to increase national security and have tools that could counter any terrorist activities that could potentially harm a country's citizens at home or abroad. Canada being one of these countries had established Anti terrorism laws that had been sufficient enough to prevent any terrorist plots against canada in the years leading up to 2014. However after the recent events of the shooting at parliament hill, the conservative government has put forth another bill in order to draconian the anti terrorism laws.
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Lastly, take risk as another factor. Majority of the workers in nearly all the most dangerous occupations, such as iron workers and loggers, are male, and 92 percent of work-related deaths in 2012 were to men. Males are also more likely to pursue occupations where compensation is risky from year to year, such as finance and law. Research shows that average pay in such jobs is higher to compensate for the risk. Therefore, due to the fact that women and men do different type of jobs and work different hours, the gap in wage is not related to gender discrimination and feminism is again proven to be irrelevant
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Sometimes, women are not given the chance to make more money because employers think that men are stronger, smarter, or more experienced or skilled (Gender Differences 84). This obviously means that women do not get a fair chance to get higher paying jobs in some cases. However, women know how to fight and try to make things right. An example of this is in the article “Understanding the ‘‘Family Gap’’ in Pay for Women with Children”. Jane Waldfogel states that if women had “not increased their investments in education and experience, the gender pay gap would have widened in the 1980s simply due to the changes in the overall wage structure” (140).
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Paragraphs will be ordered in terms of topic, rhetoric analysis, evidence, collaboration between results to embody my argument and to provide contributing factors and there effect on a universal standpoint to the ethos of women (religion, maternal implications, upbringing, geographic location). A contributing factor leading to gender inequality and segregation in the workforce is geographic location. This refers to the general identification and location of individuals and or data (Jones, 2015) and no matter where you are based in the world, there will always be gender inequality and segregation in the workforce. Pay gaps across such a place as the America, has seen a difference of 77% between men and women in pay. This means that women get roughly 77cents per dollar less than the average white man across the country (Casserly, 2015).
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“We hold the truths to be self-evident that all men and women are created equal,” Elizabeth Stanton once said (Hillinger). The document “Declaration of Sentiments” by Elizabeth Cady Stanton was written for the women’s rights convention at Seneca Falls in 1848. This document was signed by 68 women and 32 men; this was the beginning of the women’s rights movement. This document explains how women aren’t treated as equals like men were. It lists accusations towards men and how women had few legal rights and no career opportunities.
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Research shows wage gaps are solely a product of the choices of the second party. Woman have chosen what level of education they wish to pursue, the fields they wish to be in, and where they work. When looking back at a censuses of the early-to-mid 1900’s the majority of working women worked at small enterprises rather than booming companies: large Firms pay at higher rates, their payout going predominantly to males of the working class (Rubenstien, Michael Harvey). When taken under the scope, large enterprises rejected woman workers, and if they did hire, the lady’s income would be significantly smaller. Consequently, companies would deny the reason being that they were of a different sex, and rather blame it on how little education the skill the person had, “Frequently, even when given raises, their new pay still comes short of that of their male coworkers.
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Shining some much-needed sunlight on the gender wage gap will make a difference for every one of us, men and women, right now.” (www.nytimes.com, 16). “It’s the twenty-first century, and the gender wage gap affects the daily life of women throughout the country, at every economic level, from cashier to CEO. Is it fair? No.
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Today, women work in various jobs taking impactful roles in countries and established businesses worldwide. Even though the wage gap doesn't yield a perfect 1:1 ratio, the gap is steadily decreasing with the constant efforts led by
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Gender equality: the pinnacle concept that American society is not-so desperately trying to achieve. Many Americans have convinced themselves that gender equality was remedied by the Nineteenth Amendment and the Second Feminist Movement, and have not considered the thousands of steps that are left on the journey. In recent years, a matter of public interest has been the gender wage gap, stating that women are earning significantly less money than men for doing an equivalent amount of work. Critics of the effort to “break the glass ceiling” claim that a pay gap does not exist, and that if it does, it is because women either do not work as hard, have to tend to their families, or hold lower paying jobs. However, the gender pay gap has been proven to exist in a variety of different forms,
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It is time to face the facts and find solutions for this epidemic. To obtain a better grasp of the severity of the gender wage gap, it is important to understand the data. Per the textbook, out of full-time, year-round workers in 2010, the gender wage gap was 77 percent. This number is found by dividing women’s annual income by men’s. Various other ways of measuring the gap exist, but they are
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Hypothesis: Gender disparity in the workplace could be interpreted as differences in wages between men and women based on their qualifications to get the same
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Annotated Bibliography Quast, L. (2015, November 22). The Gender Pay Gap Issue Is Fixable -- But May Require Bolder Actions To Overcome. Retrieved from Forbes.com: http://www.forbes.com/sites/lisaquast/2015/11/22/the-gender-pay-gap-issue-is-fixable-but-may-require-bolder-actions-to-overcome/2/ It is reported by the Economic Policy Institute that although women had made tremendous records entering into workforce and gain great successes in education, but their wage is 83% comparing to men. The world forum also released a report in 2015 that women now make as much as men earned a decade ago.
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The United States is currently facing an economical problem that involves males and female differences within the workplace. Males are given bigger and sometimes even better rewards for doing equal amounts of work as their female counterparts. Females are frequently not receiving the same wage even if they can complete the same job of a male. Also, females are less likely to get promoted within their job if they are competing against a male. A source states, “Women are now more likely to have college degrees than men, yet they still face a pay gap in every single education level,
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