1a) Operant conditioning
1b) Operant conditioning is learning controlled by the consequences of the organism's behavior. In other words, the organism's actions are shaped by the reward or rather, lack of reward that follows.
1c) Operant conditioning can be applied to studying for finals. I would be the organism in this case and the behavior that is encouraged would be the act of studying. Based on the amount of studying I do, I can reward myself with small activites I enjoy, such as playing Hearthstone. This would fall under the subcategory of positive reinforcement since it would encourage further studying. Conversely, I can use negative reinforcement to encourage studying as well, by removing the privilege to play Hearthstone. By doing this, I would be encouraged to study more in order to play Hearthstone which is something I really enjoy. This can be applied to many aspects of my life since operant conditioning can help me do things that are similar to studying: necessary but not fun at all.
2a) Elaborative Rehearsal
2b) Elaborative rehearsal is connecting new knowedge with existing knowledge rather than
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Elaborative rehearsal would be more effective than just trying to memorize individual words. Connecting new information to pre-existing information can help to create a better idea of what the new concept means. Furthermore, it would probably be in your memory for longer periods of time since its attached to present knowledge. Personally I find it hard to just memorize information without some connection to something I already know. This memory concept can help me to acquire greater amounts of information with more ease. This can be generally applied to other aspects of my life that require learning large amounts of information. Building your knowledge with previous information as a foundation would probably be much easier than learning a completely new concept without connecting it with old