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Operant Conditioning Vs Classical Conditioning

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Classical conditioning is a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are paired together repeatedly. The first stimuli evoke a natural response by the subject while the second stimuli do not. However, after repeated pairings, the second stimuli become conditioned and trigger a response to occur. In classical conditioning, there are 6 key principles that are considered a basic process, acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery, stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination. Acquisition refers to the initial stage of learning a new response tendency which depends on the stimulus contiguity. Extinction is when a newly formed stimulus-response bond eventually faces gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response …show more content…

Unlike classical conditioning, operant conditioning gives the subject a choice to respond. There are four different outcomes in operant conditioning. Positive reinforcement occurs when a certain response is strengthened as a result of the presentation of a rewarding stimulus. An example is how I would study hard everyday as my parents would bring me out for a vacation if I excel. A negative reinforcement is a particular behaviour increases so that a negative consequence can be avoided. An example is every Monday, I would leave my house earlier and catch the early bus to school to avoid getting stuck in the traffic and being late. In contrast to reinforcement, a positive punishment is when a certain behaviour pattern is removed to avoid facing something unpleasant. For example, during a class, my phone rang despite being told to switch off my phone before class. As a result, I got reprimanded infront of the whole class. This discourages me to repeat the action. A negative punishment however is a decrease in an undesired behaviour with the removal of something. For example, when we laze around in our part time job, the boss will eventually cut our pay in half, with a condition that he would get a full pay only when he shows more dedication and meet the datelines of all his

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Operant conditioning is a condition in which the desired behavior or increasingly closer to the approximations to it are followed by a rewarding or reinforcing stimulus. “The fundamental principle of operant conditioning is that behavior is determined by its consequences. Behavior does not occur as isolated and unrelated events; the consequences that follow the actions of an animal, be they good, bad, or indifferent, will have an effect on the frequency with which those actions are repeated in the future,” (Laule 2). A reinforcement strengthens a response, reinforcement

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For example, the reinforcement of desired behaviors and ignoring or punishing undesired

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Within this theory there are two types of punishments and two types of reinforcements. Positive reinforcement deals with the presentation of positive stimuli after an action. Negative reinforcement is when a negative stimulus is taken away. Positive punishment is when undesired consequences are attached to a certain behavior. Lastly, negative punishment is when desired consequences are removed such as material items.

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Both parts of this clip would best be classified as using audiovisual humor as it uses a combination of visual and aural features. In the first part of the clip [proposal], there is an incongruous mismatch and irony that is concurrent, as we can see Joel with chocolates and flowers calling out to his girlfriend, but we also hear and later see that she is sleeping with someone else. The humor in both parts of the clip is self-contained, as you do not need to have knowledge of the other parts of the movie narrative to understand that he was going to propose, that his girlfriend is cheating on him, and that is he wandering the streets and at a bar because of this. The “you can say it again”/”tell me about it” joke is also self-contained as they do not require prior knowledge to understand. This joke is also

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For example, if someone exceeds the speed limit, and a cop presents them with a parking ticket, positive punishment has occurred. d. Negative punishment refers to punishment by stopping an action someone wants. For instance, taking a teenager’s phone away from them would exemplify negative punishment. 6. a. Continuous reinforcement refers to continually strengthening a response each time it happens.

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Classical Conditioning And Observational Learning Analysis

2548 Words | 11 Pages

A positive punishment would be the coach making me do shuttle runs to improve my stamina when trying to take the ball from an opponent after I had lost it or when the player has lost the ball I can assist in getting the ball back with stamina. The negative punishment would be would be if we as a team lose a match the coach makes us run endless laps and it would effectively stop us from losing any more matches. To summarize reinforcement elicits a positive response and a punishment elicits a negative

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Or is your child does not do his chores or finish his psychology assignments then you would ground him instead of rewarding him. These are all examples of using negative reinforcement through operant conditioning. B. F. Skinner is the behaviorist that is credited for the origination of the term operant conditioning. Skinner believed that one should focus on the external and observable causes of

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Behaviorism: The Dangers Of Operant Conditioning And Operant Conditioning

1261 Words | 6 Pages

Whether you’re applying positive punishment and removing negative reinforcement, these two methods do not last very long and don’t benefit the child in any way. Behavior has consequences and consequences influence behavior. This is a voluntary response strengthened by positive reinforcement to increase and strengthen behavior. This type of response is more likely to happen. If you want the right thing to happen, reward it with positive measures.

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Classical Vs Operant Conditioning

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This differs from classical conditioning in that operant conditioning is searching for a certain behavior and will reward or punish the subject until the behavior is achieved, classical conditioning is not concerned with the reward or unconditioned stimulus, as long as the behavior is exhibited. As Kendra Cherry states, " One of the simplest ways to remember the difference between classical and operant conditioning is to focus on whether the action is voluntary or involuntary. "(Cherry,

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In this case, reinforcement is referring to having an increase in behavior and regarding to punishment its defined to decrease a behavior. The reinforcement and punishment can consist of being positive and or negative. In operant conditioning, the most effective method to utilize is positive reinforcement, which is beneficial for the change of one’s behavior. Positive Reinforcement

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"In a non-punitive, “Discipline Without Punishment” approach, there's a new step added to the process — a positive contact. Just as the policy is expected to resolve employee problems when they arise, it also makes clear that supervisors are expected to recognize employees when they perform well." This approach this about correcting the behavior in a constructive way. This approach has been proven very successful. According to an article written by Harvard Business Review, titled, "Discipline Without Punishment": A nonpunitive approach to discipline represents the company’s refusal to make an employee’s career decision.

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Eventually, the previously neutral stimulus comes to evoke the response without the presence of the naturally occurring stimulus. The two elements are then known as the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response. 2. Operant conditioning Operant conditioning (sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning) is a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that

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Compare And Contrast Operant Conditioning And Classical Conditioning

1404 Words | 6 Pages

INTRODUCTION Have you ever thought on how people explain about behaviour? How do we know when learning process has occurred? Learning is permanent change that happened in the way of your behaviour acts, arises from experience one’s had gone through. This kind of learning and experience are beneficial for us to adapt with new environment or surrounding (Surbhi, 2018). The most simple form of learning is conditioning which is divided into two categories which are operant conditioning and classical conditioning.

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Table of Contents Introduction 3 Description 4 Operant Conditioning 4 Gate Control Theory 5 Interference Theory 6 Review 7 Conclusion 8 References 9   Introduction Operant Conditioning is a learning process, where decisions are controlled by the consequences. The name for it first came from Burrhus Skinner (1938), although he did not completely initiate the voluntary behavior studies. It was firstly studied extensively by Edward Thorndike.

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The Role Of Reinforcement In Operant Conditioning

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Reinforcement and punishment are methods used in operant conditioning and both can be positive and negative but work in a unique way. Positive means you are adding something so you increase a behaviour and negative means you are taking something away so you decrease a particular behaviour. Reinforcement Reinforcement is used to help increase a specific behaviour in the future and if done correctly this behaviour will increase, occurring more frequently as the child develops.

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