Parenting styles have a profound effect on their child’s behavior (Yahav, 2006). According to Diana Baumrind, parenting styles is related to the ability of adolescents to achieve independence and self-regulation as cited in the works of Bednar & Fisher. Understanding the different parenting styles and their impact on the parent-teen relationship may help parents and their teens—navigate adolescence more smoothly (Kopko, 2007) Baumrind determined the four parenting styles which are:
1. The authoritative style is considered the “ideal” parenting style and seems to produce children with high levels of self-reliance and self-esteem, who are socially responsible, independent and achievement-oriented.
2. The authoritarian parent tends to set rigid
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The permissive-indulgent parent is overflowing in parental warmth. This parent may be openly affectionate and loving but sets few or no limits, even when the child’s safety may be at risk. Permissive-indulgent parents make few demands for maturity or performance, and there are often no consequences for misbehavior. Children of permissive parents often have problems with controlling their impulses; they may display immaturity and be reluctant to accept responsibility.
4. Permissive-uninvolved parenting, also called simply "uninvolved parenting," is characterized by the same lack of limits or demands seen in the permissive-indulgent style. However, the uninvolved parent displays little or no parental warmth. At its extreme, the uninvolved style can be neglectful or involve outright rejection of the child. Children with uninvolved parents are likely to have low levels of functioning in many areas. They tend to do poorly in school and, particularly as they move into high school, are more likely to exhibit delinquent behavior and to be
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Hyper vigilance, an approach wherein the decisions made are hurried and anxious approach. A panic or a very high level of stress and hasty choice of a solution.
3. Procrastination, involves delaying decisions, avoiding thinking and discussion about the issue and staying away from possible pressure.
4. Buck Passing, leaving decisions to others and avoiding responsibility, evasions or thinking of the conflict issue by using selective attention and distorted information processing or shifting responsibility. There are many obvious dimensions of human diversity—height, weight, hair color, to name just a few. But for people’s self-concepts and social relationships, the two dimensions that matter most, and that people first attune to, are race and, especially, gender (Stangor & others, 1992). In a study Gender Differences in Decision Making When Faced with Multiple Options conducted by Kallie R. Reitter in 2013 wherein they tested the gender differences in decision-making patterns when multiple options were available among college students. Results showed that the hypothesis stated that males would take a shorter amount of time to make a decision about which food line to stand in than females. Which goes to show that females are more vigilant when