7. How did Catherine’s Instructions contradict her real policies?
Catherine’s Instructions contradicted her real policies in many ways. In her book Instructions, Catherine interrogated the establishment of serfdom, torture, and capital punishment and even recommended the proposition of the equality of all people in the eyes of the law. But there was only a small actual change after a year and a half of negotiations. Her succeeding strategies had the outcome of strengthening the landholding class at the charge of all others, mainly the serfs. She stated that she desired to reform Russia along the lines of the Enlightenment ideas. But she could not afford to estrange the nobility of Russia.
8. What became of the Pugachev Rebellion?
The Pugachev
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The complete demolition of the Poland in the eighteenth century was the result of the competitiveness of its three great neighbors, Austria, Russia and Prussia. In order to avoid war, the rulers of these three countries decided to repay themselves by dividing Poland among themselves. The first partition was in 1772 by Austria. The second and third partitions were in 1793 and also in 1795. Russia and Prussia undertook the second partition of Polish land. In the third partition of Poland, Austria, Prussia and Russia eliminated the rest of the Polish state.
10. What ‘enlightened’ concepts did Gustavus III employ in Sweden?
Gustavus III employed some enlightened concepts in Sweden. King Gustavus III (1771-1792) reasserted the power of the monarchy. He proved to be one of the most enlightened kings of his age. By command, he instituted freedom of religion, speech, and press and also established a new code of justice that removed the use of torture. In addition, his economic improvements smacked of laissez-faire. He lowered the tariffs, terminated fees, and motivated trade and agriculture.
Level 3 Questions
What would you ask in an interview with Catherine II the