Self Preservation In The Tempest

Self-preservation and moral obligation are essential in decision-making. These two principles are juxtaposed to each other as either end of the spectrum results in unfavourable and immoral actions. Too much of a focus on protection of self creates a lack of morality as one places emphasis on himself or herself instead of on others. Conversely, too much emphasis on moral obligation causes immoral actions based on the belief that the sins of others must be avenged. Shakespeare’s The Tempest displays this theme of the fight between self-preservation and morality through the character of Prospero and his relations with his two servants. Prospero’s relationship and interaction with Ariel and Caliban depict the necessity of balancing self-preservation

Prospero is convinced by Ariel, the embodiment of conscience, that the king and his followers have suffered enough. Prospero internalizes these sentiments when he decides to free the king and his followers and forgive them. Prospero chooses the action that is both morally correct and beneficial to him. Forgiving and reconciling with the king and his followers allows Prospero to ensure his own survival and happiness. This action of forgiveness and reconciliation is the morally justified course of action that does not involve overemphasis on moral justice. Prospero could continue to torment them for their highly immoral actions, however, in doing so he also does immoral deeds. The harmonious ending of The Tempest results from this decision which balances both self-preservation and moral obligation. Prospero does what is best for his own survival and the happiness of his daughter. The reconciliation makes Alonso repent his sins and give back Milan to Prospero, which ensures his own survival. In essence, this final decision is truly moral because it takes into consideration everyone’s faults and actions. Prospero believes that “this thing of darkness [he] acknowledges [his]”, thus, he recognizes his own faults like the enslavement of Caliban and takes the blame for his actions. Toning down the notion of moral obligation, Prospero is able to see his own sins when he stops focusing on what others have done to him. This final decision rights all wrongs without being too extreme in terms of moral justice. This final decision frees both Ariel and Caliban and it reconciles the people of Milan and Naples. Thus, by internalizing and balancing aspects of self-preservation and moral obligation, Prospero is able to make the best decision for