Personality is explained by psychologists as a person’s patterns of thinking, emotion, and behavior. Our personality refers to who we are, and who we will become. It is our talents, values love, hate and habits that make us unique to every other person. The explanation of our personality is explained by early social science and humanities theorist who contributed to the studies of psychoanalytic, trait, humanistic, behaviorist and social learning. One of these theorists was Sigmund Freud’s theory of the psychoanalysis idea of the unconscious being the force of our personality. Freud described the layers of consciousness as conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. The conscious mind is our awareness of the present, past, perceptions, thoughts, …show more content…
Freud believed that the force behind men and woman is expressed and repressed through our sexuality. His perspective of development and personality was determined around four psychosexual phases. However, Jung believed sexuality was only one of the many forces that drive our behaviors. Jung believed in the conscious and unconscious (anima and animus), thinking and feeling, sensing and intuiting, the persona, ego, and introversion and extroversion. Jung theorized that a persona exists between the ego and the outside world that essentially acts as a mask. Jung also believed that the ego reflects the attitudes of introversion or extroversion (Coon & Mitetter, …show more content…
Rogers’ psychotherapy was based on the assumption that people naturally strive for fulfillment and growth, and personality is dependent upon the changing perceptions of one’s personal identity (Coon & Mitterer, 2013). Unlike Maslow, Rogers had a specific, measurable way of defining self-actualizing tendencies. He believed that all of us have two ways of seeing and evaluating ourselves and who we would like to be. The first he called the real self, and the second the ideal self (Feist and Rosenberg (n.d.). Carl Rogers defined psychological adjustments between the real and ideal self. The ideal self is similar the Freud’s theory of ego as an image of who a person would like to be. Rogers’ theory of personality emphasized that to be our maximum potential self; we must accept who we are as honestly as possible. According to Coon and Mitterer (2013), research has found that those who possess self-image and the ideal-self are more social, confident, and resourceful, while those who have a poor self-image of the ideal-self are anxious, insecure and depressed (Coon & Mitterer,