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Similarities Between Jewish And Egyptian Religions

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Julian Mayugba
Professor Antonio Acevedo
HIS 201-ONR01
3 February 2017
Unit 1 AS2: Jewish vs Egyptian Religion Religions in early civilizations differed a way similar to how different states in the United States of America differ with their accents. The Israelite civilization was formed after the Egyptian civilization and were heavily influenced by nations around them, such as Anatolia, Egypt, and Mesopotamia. However, like the separation of the United States from the United Kingdom, the separation between Israelites and Egyptians formed differences. The Egyptian civilization formed before the Jewish and had set standards that carried on to the Jewish. Egyptians were ruled by a single ruler, the Pharaoh. The pharaoh held great power, the power that was brought to the pharaoh by the gods. The Egyptians did not have a strong barrier between the normal people and the divine, and the pharaoh was identified as three different deities. The “son-god” Re, the “falcon-headed” Horus, and the pharaoh of the underworld “Osiris,” were his forms at birth, succession, and death. The land and everything within the land of Egypt belonged to the Pharaoh. The Egyptians lived along the Nile River and were polytheistic. After the year 1800 BC, they believed that the souls of the dead were to be judged by the rule of the underworld, Osiris. They also …show more content…

In both religions, the promise of everlasting life was an incentive to act ethically toward each other in order to receive their rewards when their life ends. Another similarity was that the people who did not act ethical, or righteous during their life were punished for it. In the Egyptian religion, despite being polytheistic, priests and rulers speculated that there was a single divine power that created the other gods, which is similar to the Jewish god who created

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Egypt and Mesopotamia had very similar social structure and divided people by wealth, power and gender. Egypt and Mesopotamia were male-runed; they were believed the most in control over the female status, giving them more power in the political system. In both civilizations,

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Prior to Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) reign, Egypt practice polytheism which they worship many god and goddess and pharaoh were contest by the local temple priests. “Throughout the dynastic history of Egypt, the central authority of the pharaoh was repeatedly contested by local temple priests, each of whom held religious and political sway in their own regions along the Nile.” (Fiero pg. 54). When Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) was a pharaoh of Egypt between 1353-1337 B.C.E, he had a different view more like a monotheism belief which belief is one single god. He changed the views of ancient Egypt from polytheism which is the wordship of many gods and goddess, to one god who name was Aten.

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Pagan gods on the other hand, such as those of the Egyptians, were abundant in number. There wasn’t one true God like the Hebrew’s believed, but instead were hundred’s of gods and goddesses. Each god

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The Egyptians, far from fearing their gods, worshipped out of gratitude for their blessings. The peoples of Mesopotamia paid homage to their deities out of dread. Both cultures believed that duty to the state superseded desires or needs of the family or the individual. Everyone doing their part pleased the gods, even in Egypt, you were required to honor your responsibilities by taking care of your land, produce, and family. Greek religion was similar to that of Mesopotamia, as Greek gods seemed to have little concern for their people.

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Little is known what the Egyptians believed about the afterlife. Researchers, historians, and archaeologists have discovered more about it because the discovery of tombs and hieroglyphics have revealed the mystery of ancient Egyptian theology. The god Anubis, the parts of the soul, and the judgement process were the essential beliefs of what would happen in the afterlife in the eyes of the ancient Egyptian people. The afterlife in ancient Egypt is complex, therefore, souls needed a guide to lead them to the next life. Anubis, or Inpu, meaning “royal child”, was the guardian and protector of the dead.

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Many of their differences can be found geographically, and their similarities are mainly in cultural trade. The Egyptians and Mesopotamians had many similarities and differences in their written languages, religions, and accomplishments. For example, Egyptians had a very unique form of writing. They developed a written language called hieroglyphics, which was to be read left to right.

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Both civilizations also made a remarkable architectural buildings for religious purposes. In Mesopotamia, ziggurats were created to serve a Sumerian god. In Egypt, pyramids were made for the pharaoh’s tomb. The reason why both Mesopotamia and Egypt practiced a similar religion is because of the geographic features. Both Mesopotamia and Egypt were surrounded by rivers that were vital for the agriculture.

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Egypt and Mesopotamia are major points in history. Both of which were some of the first civilizations made. Egypt and Mesopotamia functioned in similar and different ways. Both of these societies shared a multitude of similarities and differences in many aspects. Egypt and Mesopotamia were both polytheistic.

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For the old Egyptians, life continued even after death. Their religion consisted of believing in more than one god. Death and afterlife was an important thing in Egyptians civilization. They did a big effort to make sure they receive a good ending when they die. To them, life was only and temporary interference or a pause for their lives.

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