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What is Community Resilience, and Why Does It Matter? essay
Community resilience as a metaphor
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More handpicked essays just for you.
What is Community Resilience, and Why Does It Matter? essay
Community resilience as a metaphor
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Marino makes it known that understanding this relationship is essential in distinguishing how Shishmaref citizens have become a vulnerable community. In fact, these relationships along with historical conditions, influenced how residents in that specific community experienced disasters. In this section, the differences between a hazard and vulnerability are also highlighted to determine their interconnection with disasters; for a disaster to take place both must be present. Marino strategically follows up with chapter three to show the link between climate change, vulnerability, and disasters. The purpose of this chapter was to demonstrate how ecological changes can be contributed to the vulnerability of Shishmaref.
The disaster of hurricane Katrina identified so many flaws in FEMA. Some of these flaws were due to the creation of the Department of Homeland Security. The Homeland Security Act of 2002 deviated a lot of money from FEMA and weakened its ability to respond adequately to the disaster of Katrina. As you stated this bought on many changes to FEMA, which were now being addressed under the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act (PKEMRA).
Loss of life, property damage, economic disruption and environmental degradation all play a part in these devastating events, leaving an aftereffect with devastating challenges for these affected communities in their wake. This essay will examine some underlying social and economic factors which contribute to increased vulnerability while simultaneously challenging adaptive capacity among regional communities when facing bushfires. There are various social and economic factors that make regional communities more prone to bushfire impacts, such as population density. Many regional communities with relatively few residents distributed over an extensive geographical area make emergency response harder as emergency personnel must cover large areas with limited resources; additionally, their spread-out nature makes it more challenging for individuals seeking information or support during bushfire
Social determinants have become an influential component of innovation within traditional areas of research, from overall health of communities to disaster management. Starting in the 1980’s, researchers began to understand that social contexts, both micro and macro, have a significant impact on both individuals and the community as a whole when discussing response and resilience to disasters. After the chaos of Hurricane Katrina, after the sheer difference of separate populations ability to cope during the disaster area came to light, researchers began to elucidate the social factors which affect disaster response and ways to assess those for future disasters. The three largest areas of concerns that should be considered are social stratification and class, race and
The National Response Framework is a guide to prevent, prepare for, respond to, recover from terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies. It is built on scalable, flexible, and adaptable concepts identified in the National Incident Management System to align key roles and responsibilities across the nation. The NRF describes how local, states, the federal government and private-sector and nongovernmental partners apply these principles for an effective emergency response. The NRF also describes special circumstances where the federal government plays a larger role, including incidents where federal interests are involved and catastrophic incidents where a state would require significant support. The NRF allows first responders,
Homework 7 Gaven D. Crosby Pennsylvania College of Technology Homework 7 This paper will discuss the way that the Mississippi River, and the New Deal have affected emergency management. The Mississippi River is a river that floods quite often, almost every year. The lower portion floods more than the upper portions, and affects more people. This is due to the terrain of the areas surrounding the lower Mississippi.
Whereas, during a natural disaster it may be difficult to gain access to such resources and therefore, some people can be facing this issue for the first time in their lives. Which can result in conflict and lawlessness taking place. For instance, if a natural disaster was to occur in a less developed country such as Afghanistan, the citizens would not be in a sudden shock if they no longer has access to electricity or any other issues since poverty is issue in the country and they have already adapted into living and surviving in such living conditions that may occur during a natural disaster. However, if such was to occur in Ottawa then it would be a completely different situation since many people might be feeling helplessness and panic due to living
Emergency management describes the process of preparing for disasters, responding to their occurrence and putting in place both structural and nonstructural measures to mitigate against them. Emergency management has come a long way in terms of evolution in the United States of America. In terms of evolution, there have been a number of changes with evidence in shift from state to federal and local involvement in disaster management. This paper will thus discuss the evolution of emergency management as well as the lessons that have come as a result of this evolution. The evolution can be traced back to the biblical times, Moses himself tried to manage floods by splitting the Red Sea (George et al, p. 1).
response to disaster is implausible. Moreover, rule of law often suffers during disaster crises, making extra-legal, empathic and prosocial responses all the more important. Robust empathic and prosocial sentiment and judgments by authorities will also play a particularly vital role for poor, minority, handicapped, and elderly populations in catastrophic situations. Indeed, much of the destruction during Katrina affected particularly marginalized or vulnerable groups.
This learner did a lot of work in crisis situations. It is important that a person stays calm while working in crisis situations. This can be hard to do but a person needs to encourage the people to talk about painful experiences. A person needs to feel as though that they are in a safe environment. I found it okay to encourage a person to talk about their situation, by talking about some situations of your own.
The World Health (WHO) defines a disaster as an occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of
It is an ordinary process for humans to cope up with “demonstrable risks” (Masten, 2001) i.e. threats that have noticeably brought unwanted issues in one’s life. Resilience can be defined on two foundations; risks and positive adaptation. It is a quality of a person to accommodate with unfavorable alterations in life derived as a result of exposure to risks such as financial crisis, divorce, health problems or disaster. Therefore, resilience cannot exist in absence of risks.
5.1- Protecting the Vulnerable: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies defines Vulnerability as the decreased capacity of an individual or a group to forecast, cope with, resist and recover from the impact of any natural or man-made hazard. It further states that vulnerability can also arise if people are isolated, insecure, and defenseless in the situation of risk, shock, and stress. 5.1.1- Border People as Vulnerable People: The people living on borders of Jammu and Kashmir are vulnerable as a group because they are helpless and have no capacity to control the situation. They cannot anticipate when the cross-border firing may start.
One goal of systems thinking (systems dynamic) is to provide tools to transform the perspectives and mental models so that actions lead to real sustainable long-term improvements (Gabriel, 2013). A systemic approach is relevant because many of the various types of shocks that affect households are becoming increasingly covariant, i.e. affecting groups of households even entire communities (Choularton et al., 2015). In situations where the vulnerability of individuals is intensified by their social and economic dependence on others (affected by the same disaster and shocks), system components are particularly
In defining social vulnerability, the terms are different than vulnerability being applied to built systems but instead refers to potential harm to people. This means certain types of people or groups of people, whose ability to manage and recover is lessor than other portions of the population. Core elements for assessing social vulnerability must first be divided into resources and characteristics influenced by socioeconomic status, environmental and types of infrastructure within the community. Using these categories social vulnerability can be linked to levels of risk and resiliency among populations. Furthermore, measures for social inadequacies are shaped by social status, ethnicity, and gender which happened to be the makeup of many of the communities effected by Hurricane Katrina.