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Summary Of Joanna Russ's When It Changed

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Gender and Sexuality in Futuristic Worlds Science fiction is a genre which gives one's fantasy free rein. The writer doesn't have limitations of the present world. She or he doesn't need to take modern laws, social norms, and ethics into consideration if they do not choose to do so. A writer is free to choose a whole new world to explore, which can be similar to present day, or completely different. By writing about the future, a person can explore issues of present day through imaginative technology, non-human species, and other new tropes. Joanna Russ choses to create a utopia with only female inhabitants and explores feminist concepts. And on a smaller platform, female-writers create fan fictions pairing Kirk and Spock of Star Trek in intimate stories, thus questioning the ideas of masculinity and gender roles. Both types of work contribute to providing a platform for discussion of the inequality that exists between men and women. When It Changed is a short work of science fiction written by Joanna Russ. In this story, Russ creates a world where women have lived for 600 years without any presence of men. When two men suddenly land on this planet, they question the validity of their “life style”, and are shocked that women aren't devastated over the absence of men. For the first time in six …show more content…

Fan fiction is writing based on characters from movies, books, TV shows, etc. In NASA/TREK and Future Men, Constance Penley focuses in on fan fiction written about Kirk and Spock, the main male characters in the TV series Star Trek. She discusses the reasons why women choose to write erotic stories about two men, and what purpose does it serve in talking about society. Ideas from Penley's writings about female empowerment in a male-dominated world are similar to the ideas found in Joanna Russ's When It Changed. Penley's concepts can be found in Russ's

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“It is better to be a man than a woman.” This common belief is rooted in the economy, politics, even all the way down to how fathers treat their daughters. The poem “The Changeling” by Judith Ortiz Cofer reflects gender stereotypes by showing male favoritism through a daughter seeking attention from her father by cross dressing, acting like a boy, and rejecting all normal female conventions. The narrator throughout the poem is a young girl telling of a game she invented to draw attention from her father.

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Therefore, Russ’s work is divisive amongst races and, furthermore, to many other feminists’ ideals, to be sure. However, Russ cavils the minimal that are both material feminist and science fiction enthusiasts. Ursula K. LeGuin’s and James Tiptree, celebrated as groundbreaking and revolutionary, in Russ’s eyes were no more than patriarchal works that focused on women instead of the deconstruction of women. Farah Mendelsohn states, “Russ argues that despite the close attention that women authors pay to women characters and to inventing worlds marked by gender equity, the gender stereotypes that pervade science fiction by men show up “just as often” in the science fiction written by women.” Mendelson attributes that some of the assailment could be attributed to competition.

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Judith Ortiz Cofer’s work “The Changeling” depicts the exploits of a young girl “vying for her father’s attention” while her mother does not condone such behavior (2). The poem is told as a flashback, with the narrator recalling a memory from her childhood. It begins with the young girl describing a game she made so that her father would pay attention to her. Then she dresses up like a soldier and pretends to be a man as part of the game. Her mother disapproves of her dressing in that fashion and makes her change back into her regular clothes.

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She finds that women are currently writing nearly as many books as men, on all kinds of subjects, such as economics and philosophy, “which a generation ago no woman could have touched“. So, to explore current novels and to see what kind of changes occurred in

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