According to Wood, Smith, and Grossniklaus (2011), Piaget’s Adolescent Cognitive Development talks about the changes in how adolescents think, reason, and understand can be even more dramatic than an individual’s obvious physical changes. From the concrete, black-and-white thinkers these individual’s appear to be one day, rather suddenly it seems, adolescents think abstractly and in shades of gray. Adolescents are now able to analyze situations logically in terms of cause and effect and to entertain hypothetical situations and use symbols, such as in metaphors, imaginatively. This higher-level thinking, according to Keating in 1990, allows them to think about the future, evaluate alternatives, and set personal goals (Whitmire, 2000). Despite