Critical Discourse-Historical Approach Analysis

HUYNH THI HONG HOA
CLASS: CDA
STUDENT NO.: 140929001

THE DISCOURSE- HISTORICAL APPROACH
An introduction:
The Discourse-Historical Approach is a set of analytical tools developed by Ruth Wodak and her colleagues under the framework of Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis. In the Discourse-Historical Approach, Wodak and her colleagues assume a dialectical relationship between discourse and the particular social world it is embedded in, including situations, institutional frames, and social structures. There are some basic concepts that have been used in the Discourse-Historical Approach. They will be explained respectively as the followings:
Critique: Critique has many different meanings according to Frankfurt School, literary criticism

What arguments are employed in the discourse in question?
4. From what perspective are these nominations, attributions and arguments expressed?
5. Are the respective utterances articulated overtly; are they intensified or mitigated?
From the five questions obove, five types of discursive strategies are elaborated.
Within argumentation theory, `topoi ' can be described as parts of argumentation which belong to the required premises. They are the formal or content-related warrants or conclusion rules which connect the arguments with the conclusion or claim. Topoi are not always expressed explicitly but can be made explicit as conditional or causal paraphrases.
Since the first study for which the DHA was developed, the analysis of the constitution of anti-semitic stereotyped images in 1986, the DHA has been elaborated in a number of studies such as the studies of racist discrimination and national identity. Various principles characterizing the approach have evolved over time including the following most important ones:
1. The approach is interdisciplinary. Interdisciplinarity is located on several levels: in theory, in the work itself, in teams, and in practice.
2. The approach is problem oriented, not focused on specific linguistic

Formulation of critique (interpretation of results, taking into account the relevant context knowledge and referring to the three dimensions of critique).
8. Application of the detailed analytical results (if possible, the results，might be applied or proposed for application).
Conclusion
The strengths of the discourse-historical approach include the followings: 1. Its interdisciplinary orientation，which allows avoiding disciplinary restrictions. 2. The principle of triangulation, which implies a quasi-kaleidoscopic move towards the research object and enables the grasp of many different facets of the object under investigation.
3. The historical analysis，which allows transcending static spotlights and focusing on the diachronic reconstruction and explanation of discursive change.
4. Practical applications of the results for emancipatory and democratic purposes.
The DHA relates to other CDA approaches in many aspects. However, the DHA should avoid the combination of theoretically incompatible scientific resources. This is one of the main theoretical challenges. Furthermore, many new discourse-related social phenomena need to be investigated in systematic and detailed ways from the perspective of this