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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

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INTRODUCTION
Autism is a spectrum disorder characterized by deficits in social skills and language and the presence of restrictive and repetitive interests (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000). About one-third to one-half of individuals with autism are not able to communicate their daily needs (Noens, 2006). Children with autism have varying degrees of difficulty using and comprehending language, hence, the name Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, the two terms, autism and ASD are used synonymously. ASD can be associated with intellectual disability, difficulties in motor coordination and attention and physical health issues such as sleep and gastrointestinal disturbances. Some persons with ASD excel in visual skills, music, …show more content…

A study conducted on four students within the age range 10-12 years old, and selected based on their limited communication; two had autism and two had a severe intellectual disability. The study taught the students the use of a switch (a basic form of AAC in which the student presses a button to play a pre-recorded message). Four variables were measured: number of communicative interactions, number of spontaneous communicative interactions, percentage of independent communicative interactions, and number of verbalizations. The study concluded that all four students increased their number of communicative interactions and that both students with autism increased their spontaneous communicative interactions (Dyches, 1998). The results from the study concerning the impact of symbolic gesturing on early language development, provides strong evidence that symbolic gesturing does not impede verbal development but could even facilitate verbal skills (Goodwyn, Acredolo, and Brown, 2000). A study conducted using three participants all under the age of seven years who either had autism or a developmental delay with autistic characteristics hypothesized that the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) would increase the ability of the children to use a functional communication system, increase verbal requests, …show more content…

TAM was first introduced by Davis et al. in 1989 (Davis, 1989). The TAM has been tested in many empirical studies (Burton-Jones & Hubona, 2005), found to be highly valid and reliable (Koufaris, 2000), and is widely referenced (Devaraj et al., 2002). Perceived usefulness is defined as “the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would enhance his or her job performance.” Perceived ease of use refers to “the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would be free of effort” (Davis,

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