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The Achievement Gap In Education

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In a speech commemorating the 60th anniversary of the landmark Brown v. Board of Education at Vanderbilt University, Secretary of Education Arne Duncan (2014, May 20) questions the country’s lack of “collective outrage over our nation's achievement gaps”. The ROS problem under study addresses the local response to the academic achievement gap by focusing on the instructional practices of secondary school teachers who successfully teach children of color in hopes of finding replicable instructional practices. The “achievement gap” in education refers to the disparity in academic performance between groups of students. The achievement gap shows up in grades, standardized-test scores, course selection, dropout rates, and college-completion rates, among other success measures. Although there are many type of achievement gaps, such as, based on gender, economics, and technology, the most researched …show more content…

One socio-cultural factor may hinge on teacher perception. According to Brophy (1986) a teacher’s perception of their students matters. Brophy (1986) study showed there exist a relationship between a teacher’s perception of his/ her students and the student performance. According to Crawford (2007) teachers viewed Latino and African- American students as less academically capable than White or Asian students. In Texas the majority of all public school children are of color, yet over 70% of public school teachers are White, therefore, the issue of teacher-student perception has a direct impact on the quality of education in the state. This study will gather data from teachers who have been successful with Latino and African American students based state assessments. By studying the instructional practices of secondary school teachers who successfully teach children of color; it is the researcher’s hope to find instructional practices that can be

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The essay Facts on Achievement Gap by Diane Ravitch is about how the achievement gap is getting larger and worse. The essays talks about two main arguments which are American and Hispanic children have lower test score than White and Asian children and the other point is that the performances of American international students test scores is unexceptional.

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Carnoy, Loeb, and Smith (2003) found a weakness in the relationships between TAKS scores and other outcomes such as high school graduation rates and scores on college entrance exams. Other researchers (Klein, Hamilton, McCaffrey, & Steecher, 2000) analyzed increases in scores in Texas on the NAEP, increases that they state political leaders attributed to the accountability system, and found that Texas score improvements in mathematics at grade 8 are not significantly different from those of other states that did not have strong accountability systems in place. In fact their data show evidence that the achievement gap between white students and underrepresented minorities actually increased. Some argue that the data show that the accountability program actually negatively impacts schools that were already academically behind before the implementation of the accountability system (Fassold,

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INTRODUCTION “We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place.” -Chief Justice Earl Warren Separate But Equal, directed by George Stevens Jr, is an American made-for-television movie that is based on the landmark Brown v. Board of Directors case of the U.S. Supreme court which established that segregation of primary schools based on race, as dictated by the ‘Separate but Equal’ doctrine, was unconstitutional based on the reinterpretation of the 14th amendment and thus, put an end to state-sponsored segregation in the US. Aims and Objectives:

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The United States Department of Education Office for Civil Rights shows that there has been a constant overrepresentation of minority children in what is known as special education courses. The majority of this overrepresentation occurs for African American children. Unfortunately this has been occurring for years, during the 1980’s African American students only made up sixteen percent of the total school population make up, however they represented thirty-eight percent of children that were in classes for students that were in need of special education courses. Forty years later this is still occurring, there is still an overrepresentation of African American children in special education courses, which leads to an overrepresentation of African

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Research shows that schools such as Fishers High School have high graduation rates due to its curriculum, opportunity and staff of highly regarded teachers, but there 's always a percentage of students getting left behind. It’s something uncontrollable as of now, but who is this group? People with lower social status and more of the minorities than the white majority. Low income students and its correlates, such as lower education, poverty and poor health, ultimately affect our society as a whole. Inequities in wealth distribution, resource distribution and quality of life are increasing in the United States and globally.

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According to Voight’s, Hanson’s, O’Malley’s, and Adekanye’s study, many black children reported of having less favorable relationship between their white instructors compared to white students, while black and hispanic instructors tend to have a steady report of positive relationship and attitude with their students from all races (Voight, Hanson, O’Malley, Adekanye, 2015). Moreover, in a sample from the Texas school districts, districts with more Hispanic and Black teachers have better success in their students’ academic performance for all races, compared to districts that have a larger number of white instructors (Voight, Hanson, O’Malley, Adekanye, 2015). This goes back to the discrepancies in a student-teacher relationship when both parties do not share the same understanding of each other’s background and cultures. The rift in the relationship is mended when a mutual understanding manifests between the two. Hispanic and Black instructors already have a similar background with the current students, which makes their attitude towards these groups more sympathetics and understanding compared to a white teacher who may had the mainstream

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2.2.5. Cultural diversity in Classroom: There are various cultural differences that teachers are likely to come across culturally diverse classrooms including Gender, Age, Cognition, Norms, beliefs, Primary language, Exceptionality, Cultural heritage, Socio-economic status, Opinions, ideas, Attitudes, Expectations, Behavioral styles, Geography, Learning styles, Communication Styles, Decision making styles, Ways of Communicating Non-verbally, Ways of Learning, Ways of Dealing with Conflict, Ways of Using Symbols and Approaches to completing tasks etc. According to Pratt-Johnson (2005), there are six basic cultural differences that teachers are likely to encounter in the culturally diverse classroom. Familiarity with these differences will begin

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Asian students perform as well as white students in reading and better than white students in math. Reformers ignore these gains and castigate the public schools for the persistence of the gap. Closing the racial achievement gap has been a major goal of education policy makers for at least the past decade. There has been some progress, but it has been slow and uneven. It isn’t surprising that it’s hard to narrow or close the gap if all groups are improving.

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Race and gender have usually had there run ins with the school boards. In America it's more of a race issue but in other countries, women are not allowed to go to school. The U.S. Department of Education's 2014 Civil Rights Data Collection shows a report that gives an intelligible picture of how race and ethnicity is affecting the way students learn and the way they are being treated in all levels of education. The report states that "Black, Latino and Native Americans have a bigger chance of going to schools with a higher concentration of first year teachers than white students. " It has is stating that African American kids are three times more likely to be expelled then white kids.

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Racial inequality in education is predominant in black students and is perpetuated further by educators. A theory that explains this could be the “hidden curriculum” theory which conditions students to believe that their cultural backgrounds must be silenced to resemble the model white student. Studies show that training educators in cultural sensitivity and establishing trust between students and teachers allows students from varying cultural backgrounds to improve in classroom settings. RACE INEQUALITY IN U.S. EDUCATION Considered the “melting pot” of the world due to its high diversity, the United States has been renowned for the varying cultures and races populating the country.

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A classroom should be filled with a wide variety of languages, experiences, and cultural diversity. An effective teacher understands the importance of culturally responsive teaching, and recognizes the significance of including students ' cultural references in all aspects of learning. Having an enriching classroom that engages all students does not mean making judgments about a student’s culture based on their skin color, gender, or socioeconomic status, rather it means knowing each student in a way that is individualized. According to the authors of The First Day of School: How to be an Effective Teacher Harry Wong, race, gender, religion, financial statue, and skin color is the least important factor determining a student’s achievement. Moreover, demographics and culture are not an excuse for students’ lack of achievement.

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