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The Effect Of The Peloponnesian War On The Ancient Greek World

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The Peloponnesian War (431-404 BCE) between Athens and Sparta was a substantial conflict that affected the ancient Greek world. This war had far-reaching outcomes for Athens, both militarily and politically. I will examine whether Athens efficiently held the Peloponnesian War and whether democracy was overthrown as a consequence.
The Athenian democracy encountered several challenges during the Peloponnesian War. So, no matter if Athens managed the Peloponnesian War, it is fundamental to consider various aspects of its strategy, leadership, and decision-making processes. Athens relied on its navy to retain control over its empire and secure resources. Pericles, an Athenian political leader, pushed a defensive strategy called the "Long Walls," …show more content…

Athens had an innovative democratic system that enabled all adult male citizens to attend the general assembly, which had the authority to command essential decisions, involving those relating to war. The democratic nature of the assembly has resulted in time-consuming debates and negotiations, waiting for the realization of military strategies, and hindering efficient decision-making. Populist leaders could influence public opinion, leading to wrong policies and ill-judged military operations. The instability of democratic decision-making was the conviction of six Athenian generals after the battle of Arginusae in 406 BCE, although their victory (Sheldon, 2018). This challenged Athens' leadership and morale within the military …show more content…

In 411 BCE, a group called the Four Hundred, composed of oligarchs, took power and created an oligarchy that limited democratic governance. This coup was influenced by factors such as Athens' military setbacks and the desire for a more effective government in times of crisis (Britannica, 2009). But a moderate and democratic faction led by Theramenes restored democracy in 410 BCE, indicating that democracy was not permanently eradicated by the war but rather subject to political volatility and ongoing struggles (Britannica,

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