The Epic Quest For A Quantum Theory Of Gravity

The Epic Quest for a Quantum Theory of Gravity.

This study is concerned with the unification of general relativity and quantum mechanics into a theory of quantum gravity, which should also provide a consistent framework for incorporating the other fundamental forces in nature and additionally provide insight into moments before the Big Bang.

1. Introduction

According to the classical cosmological models, the universe originated from the big bang, which is a space-time boundary, a singularity, where all matter of the universe is compressed to infinitely high density (Gielen, et al., 2013). Space-time boundaries with immensely and infinitely high densities are an indication that we have reached the limits of Einstein´s general theory of relativity

That changed in the beginning of the 20th century, when Albert Einstein shook the foundations of physics with the introduction of his theory of Special Relativity in 1905 and that of General Relativity in 1915 (Einstein online, 2016). Special Relativity is established on the notion that laws of physics are the same for all non-accelerating observers, and that the speed of light in a vacuum is independent of the motion of all observers and this theory was generalized by the inclusion of acceleration which conveyed that this distorted the shape of space and time (Einstein online, 2016). The Newtonian notion of gravity as compared to Einstein’s was facile. Einstein’s theory of General Relativity is what is known as a mechanics which considered gravity to be more than just a force: it is a curvature in the space-time continuum, simply put; it is what happens when space itself is curved or warped around a heavy mass, or a celestial body (Hawking & Penrose, 1996; Ballentine, 1982). Einstein's General theory of Relativity takes the notion that there is no "force" of gravity at all, but rather that space and time are bent in such a way that a particle moving freely with the absence of an external force will follow a path which curves with the local geometry of space and time (O'Connor & Robertson, 1996). Due to these traits, the Newtonian laws of physics were

Our Solar System is located some 2700 light years from the Galactic Center called the Orion Arm. The very center of the Milky Way is demarcated by an intense radio source called Sagittarius A, which is likely to be an astronomically massive black hole (Staff, 2013; Cassan et al., 2012).

The Milky Way as a whole is moving at an estimated velocity of 600km per second, with respect to the extragalactic frames of references (Jones et al., 2004). The oldest celestial bodies in the Milky Way are nearly as old as the Universe itself and thus must have formed shortly after the Big Bang. The Milky Way has a relativity low surface brightness. Its visibility can be greatly obscured by lights emanating from the background from sources such as light pollution or stray light from the Moon. In order to clearly observe the Milky Way, the sky needs to be darker than 20.2 magnitude per arc second (Crumey,