In the wake of the prevalence of industrialize among the United States, the former U.S president Jimmy Carter proposed that the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is not supposed to be developed for industry in his foreword to Arctic National Wildlife Refuge: Seasons of Life and land, A photographic Journey by Subhankar Banerjee. Jimmy Carter effectively builds his argument by logically utilizing pathos, logos, and ethos to plead with the audiences to take his side. Jimmy Carter employs pathos to appeal to the audience’s emotion for supporting his argument. In paragraph seven, Jimmy Carter takes a stand on the position of American citizens to consider the issue of industry developing, and he suggests that “instead of tearing open the heart of our greatest refuge, we should use our resource more wisely.” To offer a proposal, Jimmy Carter as a citizen
The frightening notion of the rapid expendability of resources in an environmentally rich region created a civilization that was quickly unsustainable. This unsustainable style of existence needs to exist as a lesson for our contemporary society, as our own expendability of nature has only recently been recognized. Kennecott has shown that one viewpoint must be understood to successfully coexist and
However A critique of all the methodologies is that they only look for what they intend and ignore other possibilities. The findings therefore support their respective perspective and must be considered only
Besides the confusion between “environmental determinism” and “environmental factor”, some historians even object the importance of environment at all. They worship “human spirit” and “free will”, and think that any attempt to explain human history by referring general patterns is meaningless. However, Diamond’s Guns, Germs and Steel is not just a history book, it involves multiple other field of knowledge including geology, botany,
In the stories, “To Build a Fire”, “The Jungle”, and “Food Product Design”, the authors of each story want the readers to recognize the question: What aspect of naturalism they use to reveal the reality in our lives? To specify and reveal this, the authors use conflicts and ideals which are men’s ability to conquer the environment and people cannot change their destiny to signify naturalism. Naturalism is a literary movement that emphasizes on the observation of reality. It is mainly from Charles Darwin 's Darwinism that nature is beyond one 's control. It mainly focuses on these things.
This does not exclude a quantitative approach being associated with a post-positivist approach. In contrast, for a researcher who favors interpretive, knowledge is a matter of interpretation (Schutt, 2009) so that the quest for understanding the complex world of lived experience demands that the researcher interact with the research objects/participants to get the viewpoint. The investigator favored a post-positivist approach since he believes that human knowledge can be challenged and modified in light of further investigation. Following is a description of the methodology that was followed for this
In some case “human activities have been and are continuing to alter the environment on local and global scales. Many of these changes are leading to dramatic changes in the biotic structure and piece of ecological communities, either from the mislaying of species or from the introduction of exotic species. Such alterations can preferable change the ways in which ecosystems work. Altered biodiversity has led to widespread cover for a number of both market (e.g., ecotourism, “mining” for medicines) and non-market (e.g., ethical, aesthetic) explanation” (Barbier et al. 1995, Kunin and Lawton 1996, Schwartz et al. 2000, Hector et al. 2001b, Minns et al. 2001, Sax and Gaines 2003).
Research philosophy Research philosophy lay down the background of how researchers understand the world, the choice of research philosophy reflect our knowledge, experiences, preconceptions, and research capability. Thus our knowledge, experiences and etc., which underpin the philosophy choice, will determine our research paradigm, strategy, design and method. (Saunders et al., 2009, p. 128-129).
"The Ecological system theory has since become an important theory that became a foundation of other theorists work." Explorable
This literature review will be covering the topic on research paradigms. There are three major paradigms in the research paradigms which are the positivist paradigm research, interpretivist paradigm research and critical paradigm research. Each research paradigm has its own strengths and effectiveness due to their unique features which are specific to their particular approach as well as weaknesses. All researchers have their own beliefs and methods while conducting a research. Therefore, the ways of research studies conducted are vary.
INTRODUCTION The researchers are subjected to different theories, methods, and belief systems which are already existing to guide the investigation, inquiry or study. The research tradition or research paradigm is the system that a researcher needs to follow based on type of a research. Research Paradigm can be defined as a belief system which guides the researcher on how the study should be investigated and addressed. The focus of following paper will be on differentiating between three types of research traditions which are positivism, interpretivism and critical realism based on their positions on; reason for research, ontology, epistemology, axiology, and methodology.
Both types of approaches suggest a system of organisation in which various disciplines are brought together in the solution of a
“Tourism Behaviour understanding includes the idea and knowledge of the different factors which are by no other means very obvious because the effects which do shape the activities and tastes of tourism are often highly embedded in the cultural and the personal biography of the individual that the whole of subject is not known of how actually they were made.” (Seaton, 1996). Figure.1. The tourism system.
The concept brings proofs on how people spend their time, in which areas and for which purposes. (Nash, 1960, cited in Morgan…). As the people spend their time on different activities, one of those activities is tourism. As well as leisure, tourism has many definitions; we will use one of those which reflect main idea. Tourism is a
Therefore, tourism may be defined as the activities, processes and outcomes by the relationship and interaction among the tourist, government, suppliers of the tourism, the host communities and the environment that surrounding the destination which involved in attracting and accommodating of the visitors (Goeldner & Ritchie, 2009). According to Goelner & Ritchie (2009), there are four different perspectives of tourism can be identified from the tourist, business operator who providing goods and services, government of the host destination area and the local community. The first group is the tourists or visitors. They are the group who search for various travel experiences and satisfaction physically and psychologically.
