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The Influence Of Environmental Education

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Sustainable Development (SD) is a well-recognized concept throughout the World. This concept has been the subject of discussion since the Brundland Report titled “Our Common Future” during the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987 (Drexhage & Murphy, 2010). It was during this conference that the need for Rio’s Earth Summit was identified which took place in Rio de Jenario, Brazil in 1992. The main focus of this summit was to address pressing issues facing the world at the time and to prepare the world for the future (UN, 1992). SD was later addressed at a global level during the World Summit on Sustainable Development that took place in Johannesburg in the year 2002. During this summit different countries revisited …show more content…

The traditional thinking of EE is that the human behaviour can be influenced or changed by making people more knowledgeable about the environment and its associated issues, in so doing, motivating them to act towards the environment in a more responsible ways (Hungerford & Volk, 1990). Figure 1 illustrates the transition or link between knowledge, attitude and action during an EE course. According to Ogilvie, 2012, Environmental education aims at producing citizens that are knowledgeable concerning the biophysical environment and its associated problems, aware of how to help solve these problems, and motivated to work towards their …show more content…

For an individual to have this awereness, there are a number of components such as cognitive, knowledge-based and perception-based components. Environmental awareness leads to sensitivity towards the environment which influences behaviour and decision making.

Enviro-crisis

According to Hungerfold and Volk, 1990, education aims at shapping human behavior which means that the education systems throughout the world were established in order to develop citizens that will develop in desirable ways. Being Environmental literate means having the capacity to perceive and interpret the relative health of the environmental systems and to take appropriate decisions and actions to restore, maintain and improve the health of those systems(Ogilvie, 2012). Some of the EE principles include:
1. To examine major environmental issues from local, national, regional and international points of view so that students receive insights into environmental conditions in other geographical areas;
2. Help learners discover the symptoms and real causes of environmental problems;
3. Focus on current and potential environmental situations while taking into account the historical

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The agency of European Environment (EEA) had described the indicators as: parameters or value which derived from the parameters describe the environment situation and its impact to the human beings, material and ecosystem, the pressure on environment, driving forces and responses which steer that system. An indicators that have been selected The effect on the surround environment by social, ecological, economic, etc. called sustainability. Sustainability makes the people to be able to reduce/control the effects on planet, save resources, save money, protect plants, lands, animals and humans.

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Kahn’s (1995) approach to the sustainable development theory is consistent with the modern day development techniques of Europe 2020 priorities; smart growth, sustainable growth and inclusive growth. The adoption of some innovative strategies such as the utilisation of renewable energy as an integral part of the energy mix could result in growth of the economy, which will eventually trickle down to the poor or extend to the rural or disadvantaged areas of the country. The social sustainability generally explains the idea of equity among the people, empowerment, participation, accessibility and institutional stability. It seeks to ensure a good standard of living in the country by alleviating poverty. Environmental sustainability seeks to explain the ways in which exploitation and utilisation of the natural resources will not be made to negatively affect the environment or the health of human beings (Kahn 1995).

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Review of Literature Environmental issues began to be discussed and debated only towards the end of the 20th century. Since then significant amount of literature has been penned down raising awareness about issues of pollution, deforestation, animal rights and several others however it has failed to result in major changes, ideas or even actions to save the environment. Several species of animals have become extinct; pollution level is at an all-time high, global warming is leading to severe climate changes all across the globe but these problems do not seem to alarm the decision makers. Leydier & Martin (2013) also states that, “despite the increasing expression of concern in political and media debates about issues such as climate change, pollution and threats to biodiversity, “political ecology” (operating at the confluence of scientific developments, political engagement and ethical debates) is still trying to find its bearings” (p.7). It is quite evident that environmental issues are not treated in equivalence to political, economic, social or even religious issues.

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The conclusion conveyed at the end of this paper, will be that sustainable development is a concept with weaknesses however, the strengths outweigh them. To begin with, the concept of sustainable development famously culminated in 1987 with the United Nations 'Commission on Environment and Development ' also known as the 'Brundtland Report ' (Everard & Longhurt, 2017; pp. 1244). The article introduced, the most widely known definition of Sustainable development as "Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987).

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Indeed, no citizen of the earth can afford to remain aloof from the issue related to the environment. It is therefore, essentially important that the study of the environment becomes an integral part of the education process. Environmental education increases public awareness and knowledge about environmental issues or problems. In doing so, it provides the public with the necessary skills to make informed decisions and take responsible actions. Needs and importance of positive attitude and awareness towards environment:

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As the result of my experience this semester I can conclude that this experience was a life changing experience. The way I viewed things in the past about the environment has changed. In the past I was not aware of the importance of living a more sustainable life. Also, how protecting our environment is one of the today’s most serious issues. Some of issues and information that I learned throughout this semester was the web life, food web, overpopulation, mutualism & commensalism, climate change, pollution, rainforest & sea destruction, and the extinction of many animals and plants.

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