Urban population altitudes are envisaged to reach 60% in the next 30 years and the majority of this population influx is expected to occur in developing countries. Hence, there is the need to improvise innovative and efficient urban planning and management policies to address these issues. Urban planning and management hereby becomes an efficient tool in mitigating the adverse effects of population explosion and its allied urban problems. This chapter hereby seeks to highlight the urban planning and management concepts and their challenges. It also identifies the management levels at the global, national, regional, and local levels. 2.1 Urban planning and management concepts. Urban management may be referred to as the application of knowledge, …show more content…
Ghana as a developing country is also challenged with similar development issues. The colonial rule of the country in the colonial era restructured the settlement hierarchy and narrowed developmental project to the agricultural, industrial and transportation towns and cities in the country where they can easily get access to their raw materials. This development pattern has influence the current growth trend as population growth are centred on towns and regions with social facilities and infrastructure which include Accra, Kumasi, Tema, …show more content…
As a result of these externalities, there has been an increase in the expenditure of the various assemblies, hence the need to generate more revenue. The legal instrument of Ghana states that, all employed citizens in urban areas are mandated to pay their taxes to their respective assemblies. Yet, there is high level of unemployment within the urban area resulting in lot of informal activities springing up. These informal activities are normally not registered or recognized formally hence they hinder the effort of the assemblies in tax