Nervous System Analysis

In the above sections we examined the fundamental building block of nervous system the neurons. However in here greatly focus to the structure of nervous system as whole. The nervous system is main system which involved in every body function. The nervous system is treated as body’s information gatherer storage center and control system. Its function is to collect the information about the external conditions in relation to body’s external state to analyze the information and to initiate appropriate responses to satisfy certain needs which is survival need.

The nervous system contains both Central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system (PNS). Central nervous system includes brain and spinal cord. The Peripheral nervous system includes

It consist manly two parts which are spinal cord and the brain. The spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that leaves the brain and runs down the length of back. The spinal cord is a cylindrical shape bundle of nerve fibers that connect to the brain. Spinal cord is the main component which communicate and transmitting the message between the brain and body. As well spinal cord transmits external stimuli to the brain. On the other hand brain is the control center of the body, center of our thoughts, the interpreter of external environment and the origin of control over body movement.

2.1.1 Brain

The brains of all animals including humans are very similar in overall forms. Because each animal brain is layered and the basic structure of the brain is similar. However the innermost structure of brain of human is the oldest part of brain. The brain stem is the oldest part of brain. The basic functions are breathing, moving, resting, and feeding and creates ours experience and emotion. The brain stem begins where the spinal cord enters the skull and forms the medulla the area of brain stem (as seen in the Figure 9). In addition to that brain stem includes the pons also. Figure 09: Human

Thus medulla is sufficient maintain life alone. Pond as in the figure 9 links the cerebellum to cerebrum cortex which coordinate the automatic movements, waking, sleeping and stimulation.

The cerebellum is the structure which attached to the final of brain stem. It is a difficult structure that is state above the medulla and pons according to the Figure 9 also. It controls the balance, motor coordination and cognition. If the cerebellum damaged it would result of irregular and uncoordinated actions.

In addition to that brain contains the thalamus which relays sensory messages to cerebral cortex and sends messages to medulla and cerebellum from cortex. As well below the thalamus there is hypothalamus. It is smaller than thalamus. It controls eating, drinking and sexual behavior. The major function of hypothalamus is controls the endocrine activity and keep up the homeostasis.

Furthermore human brain has a very large and highly developed outer layer known as cerebrum which is known as Cerebrum cortex as seen in the Figure 9. This cortex is only about one tenth of an inch thick. Out of the brain it makes up more than 80% of the brain’s weight. Although the cortex contains 20 billion nerve cell and 300 trillion synaptic