And although, these privacy protections did not cover genetic information, 12 years later congress passed the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) to fill the gap. (Stump) The National Institute of Health’s (NIH) now requires strict ethical standards including informed consent from all researchers seeking funding. These are steps in the right direction but just like anyone working in the medical field would tell you, there is still more to be done to ensure complete patient privacy and informed consent is the norm in every branch within the medical community. Whereas it took many years for the medical community to acknowledge the violations and origin of Henrietta’s cells it reassuring to see the progress that has been made to stamp out bad ethical behaviors.
In August of 2013, Talha Khan Burki wrote “Righting a Long-standing Wrong for Henrietta Lacks” for Lancet Oncology. Burki’s purpose was to highlight the problem with the sequence data of patients’ cells (namely, Henrietta Lacks) being publicly released and to inform people of the privacy risks involved. Burki did a very good job at explaining what the issue was, what had been done about it and what needed to happen. Generally, readers struggle and become overwhelmed when they see a large sum of information all at one time. However, while this article provides the reader with several facts, it makes the reader think and Burki did a very well at writing in a manner that prior knowledge of certain terms or concepts are not critical to comprehending.
Paper 2 A person who owns a small portion of someone's genes may be the deciding factor on whether a person's illness is further researched or put on hold. Should a person be given this much power over our very genes inside us whose research could save lives and cure diseases? A physician, Michael Crichton, who wrote “Patenting Life” and a economist, John Calfee, who wrote “Decoding the Use of Gene Patents” both discuss this medicinal dilemma.
Barbed Wire And its effects on WW1 Introduction World war 1 is undoubtedly one of the most deadly conflicts in human history. Killing an estimated 37 million people over the span of 4 years, this is one of the most deadly wars, to have ever been waged. Many things make world war one stand out, when compared to its predecessors. World war one was the last major european war since the franco-prussian war 40 years earlier.
Later, while researchers decide the human genome to cure resolute maladies, for example, tumor, genuine moral situations are quick confronting humankind. Understanding the Catch 22 to this issue will empower us decide the possibilities of customized prescription. Through the improvement of exploration association, and the utilization of customized pharmacogenomics, "a
Ethical Considerations in Genetics and Genomics Ethical duties of genetic testing is a challenge among healthcare workers. Ethical dilemmas are created due to situations resulting from genetic testing. Ethical dilemmas is created when genetic testing reveals vital information to a patient and the patient refuses to disclose information to family members that can be affected. Healthcare workers are to protect the privacy of patient’s health records according to the Health Insurance Probability and Accountability Act (HIPPA)
The issue of modification through gene manipulation becomes increasingly complex when considering how this technology can be used as a means to unethical and harmful uses. In the article, Babies with Genes From 3 people could be Ethical, Panel Says, Rob Stein exposes various concerns about three gene donors in an embryo, including how a scientist, “Could introduce some new disease into the human gene pool or that scientists could try to do this for other reasons-nonmedical reasons, like create designer babies where parents pick the traits of their children.” Stein goes on to explain how the gene replacement procedure would take place, which continues to usher in a plethora of concerns as whether to allow Crispr technology be tested on a embryo.
ELSI program or Ethical, Legal, and Social Implication were the most important part of the human genome project which was started parallel with it. The objective of the ELSI program was to find solution for the problems arising in the genomic research that affects individuals, families, and society. The four main areas ELSI program focused on the possible consequences of genomic research were Privacy and fairness in use of genetic information - the potential for genetic discrimination in employment and insurance. Ethical issues in designing and conducting of genetic research with people The integration of new genetic technologies - the practice of clinical medicine and genetic testing
This technological advancement is believed to be able to address the knowledge gap in neurophysiology and neurological disorder. Nanosystems on a chip, is said to be able to provide critical foundation to diagnostics biomarkers and point-of-care technologies as well as detection of pathogen. These advances, though not consistently available, are however thought to have huge potential in transforming healthcare sciences Rocco, M. C. (2011). Pharmacogenomics/genome sequencing is seen as another possible advancement and with pharmacogenomics; tools are still being industrialized for the bigger data examination which will help with the purpose of population healthcare. ’’
For example, doctors want to make experient of testing genes of many Estonian families which have a child, whether they have defective genes to decide if there should have more children or not. They use a complex machine to testing 23 chromosomes, including the shape. If they have a defective gene, they may decide they will not have a child or have fewer children with defective sickness. If their (Estonian) family doesn’t have any problems in the genes, so the family can expand to next generation. As a result, gene testing can improve their population of Estonia.
Now, with this new study claiming that genomic sequencing can be used to identify women who would most likely benefit from screening such as mammography. It could be very useful in helping women to reduce their risk of developing breast cancer. Not only would the genetic sequencing help the individual to prevent a life-threatening disease, but we will also have the opportunity to research more into the etiology of breast cancer which could lead us to cancer discoveries beyond strictly breast tissue. I know as I woman, I would certainly support learning my risk for breast cancer. It is one of the leading causes of death in women (after lung cancer) that if I can avoid, I would do my very best to do.
Cancer, heart disease, blood disorders, nerve disorders, and many more genetic diseases are affecting millions of people around the world. The more society advances, the more degenerate diseases are affecting the citizens. For a number of years researchers have been searching for cures. With new developments in gene editing, treatments for many diseases are just around the corner. Gene editing with new technology, CRISPR, matches with a specific gene and splits the protein.
Genetic engineering could theoretically eliminate the passing of “disease” genes. In addition, new products can be created. With genetic engineering, new products can be created by adding or combining different profiles together. This makes it possible for more people to get what they need nutritionally, even if their food access
the author and others argue that with the right kinds of safeguards the Biotechnology would be just as ethically acceptable as the brain-computer interface. And the author said “In terms of liberty, defenders of biotechnology will argue that individuals have a right to do whatever they want to their own bodies, a right to enhance their performance, a right to use technology to choose their own offspring, and a right to find ways to profit and benefit from technology so long as they do not hurt other people. ” (Barbara 480) The arguments of professor seem reasonable. I especially agree with him that people have right to do what they want to do if they do not hurt other people.
There are ethical challenges as the technology develops, such as the autonomous machines may supersede humans and threaten human existence, and new DNA-based treatment might be the trigger of privacy problems. First, ethics is the philosophical study that deals with what is morally right and wrong in wide scale not only in the scientific field, but also in public, and ethical problems occur as the new technology emerges. Emerging technology includes new technologies and technologies that are starting to be used. For instance, fuel-cell vehicles, artificial intelligence the digital genome, and robots are the emerging technologies. (Al-Rodhan 2).
