The Pros And Cons Of Nanotechnology

The nanotechnology potentially makes the human to rendering to recent and increasing hazards due to some individual properties such as its very small size and high ratio of area to mass. Nanotechnology is the competent invention of materials and systems in nanometer length scale, and exploits the rising properties and phenomenon which have been developed in nano scale. The word “nano” means 10-9, so a nanometer is one-billionth of a meter. One description of nanoscience is the study of atoms, molecules and substance, the size of which is in the range of about 1 to 100 nm (nanometer)[1,2]. To understand in better ways, an individual human DNA molecule has a diameter of 2 to 12 nm, hair is of the order of 10,000 to 50,000 nm and viruses usually

Feynman “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom” given in 1959 at the California Institute of Technology [ 25 1] One of the earlier definitions of nanotechnology was given by Drexler as “the control of matter based on molecule-by-molecule control of products and by products through high-precision systems as well as the products and processes of molecular manufacturing, including molecular machinery” [26 3]. The term “nanotechnology” was defined by Professor Norio Taniguchi [27 1] as “Nano-technology mainly consists of the processing, separation, consolidation and deformation of materials by one atom or one molecule". The actual emphasis of nanotechnology didn’t come until the early 1990s. Because in the earlier stage in science, sophisticated instruments for characterization and manipulation such as X- ray diffraction techniques (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Visible Spectroscopy) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) became more available for researchers to approach the nano world. Device efficiency with reduction of particle size in semiconductor industry is also a significant factor for the development of nanotechnology. The field of nanotechnology explores the materials and their properties [28 -35 2-8], nanoscale of synthesized material when at least one dimension of the nanostructure is in one hundred nanometer range. Practically the materials in nanoscale have only few atoms or the clusters of atoms, and the properties of the materials have been found to be altered because of the quantum confinement effect. Nanomaterials have structural features in between to those of atoms and bulk materials. Nanomaterials exhibit a diversification of properties that are different and often significantly improved in comparison with those of