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The Pros And Cons Of The Proliferation Of Wmds

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Essential global protection against the modern plague known as terrorism relies heavily on the non-proliferation of materials for weapons. Terrorism desires the powerful threat that Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) bring to the world. The world marketplace avails a deluge of opportunity to profit from restricted materials needed by terrorists seeking to build and deploy atrocious WMDs. Vast networks of illegal traders of WMD materials discovered, as well as weaknesses in the non-proliferation system have been identified in the past decade. Non-proliferation of WMDs therefore, has to become an imminent priority for the protectors of the world. Treaties, agreements, and policies regarding non-proliferation are the place to start, but those …show more content…

Throughout the 1980s and 1990s a group of illegal material traders, now known as the Khan network, took advantage of international lapses in WMD material procurement (Forest and Howard, 2013). Efforts since have been magnified to stop the proliferation of materials into the international market, and more specifically, these efforts have sought to keep materials out of the hands of terrorists and terrorist support regimes. Currently, the most arduous task involving WMD proliferation is the concerted effort of all governments to stop it. Perhaps the most challenging and threatening category of weapons currently available is radiological material weapons. Radiological weapons sources are the most difficult to shut down, as they have the least potential for damage, and are the least controlled materials. Radiological weapons may have immediate proximal effects on human safety, and they may have some lasting biological or environmental effects. Once dispersed, the effectiveness of radiological weapons depends on a number of factors, most importantly the location of the deployment. Radiological weapons may be thought of as the “lesser” of evils when comparing WMDs, they are still are dangerous and their proliferation must be …show more content…

Time plays a huge factor in the biological effects that occur after an exposure. Within hours or days, the immediate biological dangers of death or injury may subside in a RDD attack. However, there may be many lasting biological effects after a radiological deployment. Illness, including cancer, may be a lingering result of radiological weapons use. Another biological concern stemming from RDD use would be the contamination of water. “There exist several generalized human exposure pathways for the materials that would be dispersed in an act of radiological terrorism: external exposure, inhalation, ingestion, and immersion” (Forest and Howard, 2013). The use of radiological materials may be effective at killing people in proximity to the device deployed, but it will also have lasting effects on the health of the human population, and it will cause negative environmental impacts as

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Too much exposure to ionizing radiation can damage the tissues. Children, young women and fetus are more sensitive to this type of radiation than others (Fahey, 2012). • Maintaining the Highest Level of Safety with NM Workers in nuclear medicine should follow safety rules. While working with radioactive materials, personal protective equipment like gloves, protective eye wear and cloths and in some cases fume hoods must be used. NM procedures must be practiced in special closed places.

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The dangers of radiation exposure had been speculated on since shortly after Wilhelm Roentgen’s discovery. In 1916, the public was forced to realize the true dangers of radiation exposure because of Dr. Emilio Tiraboschi’s autopsy, which showed that exposure had damaged is internal organs and shrunk his

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Deaths that were not immediately caused by the explosion were ultimately caused by high levels of radiation. Short term effects include the unwarranted deaths of countless men, women and children. In terms of long term effects, those who survived the bombs showed highly

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As mentioned by Richard Wolfson and Ferenc Dalnoki, the effects of radiation extend beyond human health, as it can also have long-term consequences for the environment, such as soil and water contamination (The Devastating Effects of Nuclear Weapons). Historically, it highlights the wide-ranging impact of nuclear weapons beyond human health, causing lasting damage to the environment. Ethically, it raises concerns about the moral responsibility of nations and leaders in considering the environmental harm caused by such weapons. From a humanitarian perspective, it underscores the importance of protecting both human lives and the ecosystems that sustain them. The long-term soil and water contamination resulting from radiation necessitate a comprehensive evaluation of the humanitarian impact of using such weapons and a search for alternative conflict resolution methods that prioritize both human and environmental

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Nuclear weaponry and its uses are more relevant in today’s world than ever before. Nuclear technologies that are capable of creating mass destruction to both nations’ lands and civilians have become a commonly owned resource in almost every nation’s arsenal. The main issue surrounding nuclear weapons and perhaps the reason why none of these technologies have been used is due to the inevitable outcome of global ruin. The one and only nuclear attack to date was performed by the USA military on Japan which killed hundreds of thousands of innocent civilians in the cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima and caused mass destruction that took several decades to recover from. One of the largest global controversies is whether or not nuclear weaponry should

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Inventions and procedures based on radiation are still in development today. While some of this technology is 100 percent safe, others can be dangerous and have already caused serious accidents, such as nuclear weapons, which leave devastating casualties. One of the major examples of this are the Hiroshima-Nagasaki bombings in 1945. The bombings may have killed more than 225,000 people altogether. Scientists studying the Hiroshima-Nagasaki bombing survivors found that the occurrence of mental retardation increased among children who received large prenatal doses of radiation (Noto et. al).

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Mass weapons like that cannot be kept secret, and once one nation has something, others are going to copy them for protection. War is unpredictable, and all parties should prepare for anything at all

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Dr. Steven M. Block believes that with an every changing society the threat of biological warfare is greater now than ever before and that has begun to threaten our peace. During this article, he takes us through the history, recent trends, and how we might contain and control the ever-rising numbers of biological weapons. In his article, “The Growing Threat of Biological Weapons” found in The American Scientist, Dr. Block states “The terrorist threat is very real, and it’s about to get worse. Scientists should concern themselves before it’s too late” (Block, 2001, para. 1). The threat of biological warfare has caused a world-wide panic as of late and is something that needs to be addressed.

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In this regard, countries such as Pakistan that are perceived to have limited security in relation to their stockpiles of nuclear weapons and weapon grade materials pose a significant threat. During the administration of President Pervez Musharraf, there were at least two assassination attempts that were conducted through the collusion of the military and Al Qaeda operatives. This raises the question if the Pakistan administration is unable to secure the security of its president, what about the stockpiles of weapon-grade nuclear material in their possession. Moreover, Iran has been known to finance and support terror organizations, which also raises questions whether it could provide nuclear technology to such groups to hit American targets on its behalf. Additionally, nuclear weapons could be smuggled into the United States from its neighbors such as Canada and Mexico, who seem to have a mediocre security system.

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Weapons of Mass Destruction—the bombs powerful enough to erase a city in a matter of seconds, the cause of sickening fatal harm to victims, and the bringers of severe environmental radiation contamination, they are the focus of this ethical dilemma. Iran has recently revealed its potential to amass its own arsenal joining the nine other nations with nuclear weapons technology. However, those plans changed in 2015 with the signing of the historic Iran Deal. The agreement, signed by the United States, Russia, China, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom eliminated Iran’s ability to develop or make any type of nuclear bomb through severe restrictions. In exchange, the punishing economic sanction imposed on Iran in efforts to stop uranium enrichment were lifted.

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Secondly, the United States must severely hinder Iran’s obtention of nuclear weapons by using military strikes on Iran’s nuclear infrastructure (To Stop Iran’s Bomb). These two policies alone do not offer a stable, long-term solution to the threat Iran poses. Only an Iranian regime change can provide a long-term resolution to the problems with

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As we continue the course we are lectured on the topic of post-cold war world we notice a change within the spectrum of global politics especially on the topics of security threats, U.S. foreign policy, and democracy within in the Middle East. After being attacked by terrorists on September 11, 2001, “the U.S. declared war on terror, and subsequently invaded Afghanistan”, (Haupt 2016, T1L3, 9). During the Bush administration, Vice President, Dick Cheney, helped persuade Americans into believing that the United States needed to invade Afghanistan. “The post-cold-war world has also witnessed the proliferation of nuclear weapons”, (Haupt 2016, T1L3, 14). Iran’s nuclear program has become an international concern.

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It can be concluded, two common interests among all states are a sense of security and peace; secured borders, security for their people, resources, and for their culture. If all states were to achieve this goal, the world would resemble a utopic community. This will thus render useless the possession of weapons, more specifically Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs). In reality, this ideal world does not exist. On the contrary, states with the monetary resources do possess chemical, biological, and nuclear warheads as a mean of assurance against a potential attack.

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Its goal was to keep the no –state actors form getting nuclear, biological and chemical weapons (“Security

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Recently, the controversy over the future of these weapons has sparked an interest in many debates, whether to allow them or outlaw them. The result of these disputes can affect our nation, so it is of the utmost importance to create an analytically acceptable solution. To this degree, it is critically important to properly implement a solution before causing an erroneous mistake. A reasonable approach to dealing with such arduous challenges is to properly understand its benefits and the risks that caused by this debatable, but

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