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The Role Of HIV In The United States

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HIV is a disease that mystifies many. Individuals have heard many myths about HIV, as such there are many questions that seem to go unanswered for many Americans today. This section of the course will provide facts about HIV risks and will identify the various modes of transmission for HIV.
HIV is passed from one person to another through sexual behaviors and needle and syringe use. It is important to note that there are specific body fluids that are involved in the transmission of HIV from an infected person to another. Those body fluids are semen (cum), Pre-seminal fluid (pre-cum), rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. These fluids must come into contact with a mucous membrane or damaged tissue, or must be injected into the bloodstream (from a needle or syringe) for transmission to occur. Mucous membranes are found in the rectum, vagina, penis, and mouth. …show more content…

Anal sex is the highest risk behavior especially receptive anal sex. Vaginal sex is the second highest risk behavior.
There are less common modes of HIV transmission. For instance, HIV can be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth or through breastfeeding. The number of occurrences for this mode have been significantly decreased because most healthcare providers now test for HIV and begin treatment if necessary. Another less common mode of HIV transmission is being stuck with an HIV contaminated needle. This is mainly a risk for health care

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• In the state of Massachusetts a prescription is required from a doctor in order to distribute hypodermic needles. In the year 1990, two citizens of the city of Lynn started a needle exchange program in an goal to fight against the spread of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome also known as (AIDS). The two men legally purchased new sterile needles over-the-counter in Vermont. The defendants were at a specific location on Union Street in Lynn from 5 P.M. to 7 P.M. every Wednesday evening in 1991 until their arrest made in June 19. They accepted dirty needles from society in exchange for clean needles; they exchanged between 150 and 200 needles each night ranging from 50-60 people.

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Moreover, when the HIV/AIDS epidemic exploded, there was misconception among the general public about how the disease was transmitted. The US Center for Disease Control explicitly ruled out any possible transmission through casual contact in 1983. Nonetheless, news headlines such as, “It’s Spreading Like Wildfire” and “AIDS: Bubonic Plague of the 21st Century?” suggested that the virus could spread through casual contact. Although, HIV/AIDS was becoming more understood, some media continued to rectify fallacies about the disease.

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HIV is human immunodeficiency virus where it makes “the body lose cellular immunity.” ("AIDS." Dictionary.com. Dictionary.com, n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2018. ) Every time that HIV reproduces, some HIV viruses “ produce mutations that result in a slightly different variety of the virus.”

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