Political 1) Oliver Cromwell was the Independent Puritan who lead his followers in the Commons against the Parliament during Britain’s Civil War. This would lead to the execution of Charles I, Cromwell’s rise to master of England, and the establishment of the new “Rump” Parliament that would soon rule to republic. 2) 1635 – The Edict of Restitution was the decree Ferdinand II suspended, which granted amnesty for all but Frederick of Palatinate and a few Bohemian rebels. This suspension was established so Ferdinand could gain the Protestant princes’ assistance in driving out the Swedes during the Fourth Phase of the Thirty Years’ War 3) 1631 – The French enlisted the help of Gustavus Adolphus, who was a Swedish general that invaded the Hapsburg
implications of the succession must be examined as James was never overthrown nor did he formally abdicate. Indeed, it could be argued that the debate of the succession and the subsequent offer of the crown to William and Mary, signified that the monarchy was transformed from hereditary to elective. This must be inspected in order to understand whether a revolution or change of dynasty took place. The legislation passed by the Convention must be examined to understand whether the nature of the relationship between monarch and Parliament had fundamentally been altered. Moreover, changes to the religious structure of England must be examined.
However, when this was put to a stop by Henry, the Earl of Lincoln joined Lord Lovell and got international help to try and create an uprising in the North, which resulted in the Battle of Stoke. He dealt with the nobles who tried to overthrow him accordingly, with the Earl of Lincoln being killed in the Battle of Stoke but Lord Lovell was never caught. This partially established royal authority, as I interpret it as dealing with opponents to suitable extent. If it meant that he had to kill some of his opponents that tried to challenge him, which sent a message to other opponents, then that means he established his royal
The person with most control was the pope of the church. The monarch during this time period was James II. James II made all the decisions, unlike today where any decision is made by a great number of people. James II thought the colonists were becoming too independent so he formed the Dominion of New England. He also appointed the members of the council and governors.
According to the Declaration of Independence, King George III was responsible for the American rebellion against the British Empire. The colonists listed 27 abuses committed by the king in the document. These repeated maltreatments established a tyrannical government in North America, which eventually led to the colonist’s revolt. The first 12 abuses established King George III’s authority as despotic instead of allowing a representative government for the colonists. For example: abuses 8 and 9 explains how King George III would further tighten his control through the judiciary.
One of the many stresses put on Massachusetts at this time was that in 1684 “ King Charles II revoked the Massachusetts Bay Colony’s royal charter, a legal document granting the colonists permission to colonize the area” ( #6.) Shortly after, King Charles the II died, and King James II replaced him. During James II rule, he merged the Massachusetts Bay Colony with the Dominion of New England where the government was royally appointed and had extremely strict laws. After the Glorious Revolution occurred in England however, the Massachusetts Bay colonists fought and overthrew the Dominion. After this, the new King William of Orange and Queen Mary of Orange who ruled England, issued a new anti-religious charter and also combined
After the kings execution the republic was created. His actions were also helpful in the key factors involved in developing a democracy. He made England’s law system much more efficient and fair to the people. This made English laws much less harsh and even took away the death penalty for certain crimes. Because of Cromwell’s success, the government became much stronger by raising taxes and spending revenue in much more efficient ways.
In the 1500s and the 1600s the feudal system was beginning to fall. Different countries were trying new different types of governments instead of the dysfunctional feudal system. The feudal system consisted of many different nobles ruling over their own land. It was not a uniform system of ruling over the country. There were small city-states run by a singular ruler.
‘The consolidation of royal authority, in the years 1487-1509, was due to Henry VII’s control over the nobility.’ Explain why you agree or disagree with this view. It can be argued to a certain extent that the consolidation of royal authority for Henry VII, in the years 1487-1509, was a result of control over the nobility. The challenge lied in the ability to decrease their power without alienating them whilst removing their position of threat. However, there were other contributory factors in Henry’s consolidation of his royal authority, such as his diplomatic skills in dealing with foreign powers and the indispensable use of royal finances.
Both the English Bill of Rights and Thomas Paine's Common Sense displayed interesting and creditable views regarding how to develop and maintain a well-functioning society through a well-structured government. The English Bill of Rights aligned a list of basic rights granted to individuals which included fair taxation and forbid cruel and unusual punishment. Common Sense is a well articulate essay that urges for the independence of the thirteen colonies from the British. In his text, Paine noted the importance of differentiating society and government, and condemned the practices of British monarchies (Paine, 62). Both documents theorized that political authority over the people should be fluid and well-constructed through a fair and equal governing body in order to ensure a equal and well-functioning society .
However, when King James II acceded the throne
This thesis will also explore whether there is a difference between King James VI of Scotland and the perceptions of King James I of Great Britain. Although King James’ request to be named as ‘King of Great Britain’ was rejected by Commons in April 1604, in October of the same year, the King assumed by proclaimation rather than statute the title of ‘King of Great Britain’ (Willson, 1963, pp.249-252). However, Sir Francis Bacon warned King James that the title was to be “used in letters, treaties, proclamations, dedications and coinage, though not in ‘any legal proceeding, instruments or assurance’” (Willson, 1963, p.252). This title and its significance will also be explored and evaluated later in this thesis in ‘The King as a
James VI had many notable moments throughout his 58 years as King of Scotland from 1567-1625 but a large-scale witch hunt that he played a major role in and the 1000-2000 people who were burnt, tortured and strangled will not only go down as one of his most memorable times as King but also in the history of Scotland. This paper will argue that James notion of witchcraft was massively conditioned by his ideas about kingship. It will discuss his belief in Divine right kingship and that he never denied he was the lords vassal and glorified in that fact. He believed in one Kingdom, of which god was the head, with the king as his vicegerent.
James I, born June 19, 1566, was the King of England, Great Britain, and was Scotland 's short-lived king. James was known to be a controversial ruler and was hated by Parliament. He thought he had the “divine right” to rule England and the rest of its territories. Divine right means to have been given power by God, himself. James I was first born the king of Scotland but James I became king of England after Queen Elizabeth died.
One of the most prominent examples of resistance to absolute monarchy came, in England, where King and Parliament struggled to determine the roles each should play in governing England (Duiker 2013). After the death of Queen Elizabeth I in 1603, the Stuart line of rulers was inaugurated with the accession to the throne of Elizabeth’s cousin, King James VI of Scotland. James I (1603-1625) espoused the divine right of kings, a viewpoint that alienated Parliament, which had grown accustomed under previous rulers to act on the premise that monarch and Parliament together ruled England as balanced polity (Duiker 2013). The Puritans were alienated by the king as well, which wasn’t a wise decision. The Puritans were the Protestants within the Anglican
