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Theories Of Authoritarian Theory

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The Libertarian theory or Free Press theory is one of the “Normative theories of press”. The theory originally came from libertarian thoughts from 16th century in Europe. It is an exact opposite of the authoritarian theory. Watson (2000) its first principle is that the free press is servant to none but its readership in its task of informing, educating and entertaining. It is believed that International trade and urbanization undermine the power of a rural aristocracy which leads various social movements like the Protestants reformation, which demands individual’s freedom and their own lives and free thoughts. Liberalism means information is knowledge and knowledge is power. Free expression from any authority, unchecked by censorship – internal …show more content…

In the book “Four theories of Press” (Siebert, Peterson and Schramm) it’s been stated that “pure libertarianism is antiquated, out dated and obsolete.” That paved way for replacement of Libertarian theory with the Social responsibility theory. Social responsibility theory allows free press without any censorship but at the same time the content of the press should be discussed in public panel and media should accept any obligation from public interference or professional self regulations or both. The theory lies between both authoritarian theory and libertarian theory because it gives total media freedom in one hand but the external controls in other hand. Here, the press ownership is private and media have an obligation to the public that amount to a form of public stewardship. The social responsibility theory moves beyond the simple “Objective” reporting (facts reporting) to “Interpretative” reporting (investigative reporting). The theory links with the democratic process and the media are guardians of that process, vigilant on behalf of the citizens, with a duty to be honest and fair to all. The theory balances the claims for freedom with the need for responsibility. It urges that in public interest, in the interest of true representation, both sides of a case should be stated. Professionalism was created in the media by setting up a high level of accuracy, truth, and information. The commission of press council also included some tasks based on social responsibility of media, which are as

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After writing the Constitution at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, the journey to ratification began; however, not all states were eager to ratify it due to fear of a strong central government. In order to better convince each state to ratify the Constitution in place of the Articles of Confederation, the Bill of Rights was added as a barrier against the tyranny of a strong central government. The First Amendment includes protection of many civil liberties including freedom of speech, assembly, petition, religion, and the press. The Founding Fathers included the right of freedom of the press so as to ensure the spread of intellectual, and typically liberal, ideas among the citizens, just as was done in order to inspire the revolution.

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Without freedom of the press discussions cannot reach a wider audience, debate is obstructed,

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In Europe 1930’s a totalitarianism government was starting to develop. By that I mean whomever is in charge has total control over people and their lives. The individual has very little power, freedom, and rights. The people in charge are known as dictators. They have eight important characteristic to meet the criteria of totalitarianism.

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Number two: leisure to digest it. And number three: the right to carry out actions based on what we learn from the interaction based on the first two” (Bradbury 81). Describing these major points missing from society reveals that a totalitarian government controls the people and dictates the citizens’ lives in the dystopian society. For example, the government restricts the information available, thus controlling the possible subjects the people may ponder. This government restriction is an example of the dystopian theme of censorship, the controlling of information to the people, which allows the government to have absolute power over the citizens.

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Freedom of expression is one of the laws the forefathers of America made to empower its citizens and also enables them to live in peace amongst themselves. In most countries around the world, freedom of expression does not exist, so there is always war in those countries. In the article “Why the First Amendment (and Journalism) Might Be in Trouble”, the authors, Ken Dautrich, chair of the Public Policy at the University of Connecticut and John Bare, who is the vice president for strategic planning and evaluation at the Arthur M. Blank Family foundation in Atlanta, conducted a research study on the importance of freedom of speech. They used their research findings to support freedom of expressions. They employed claim of policy, claim of fact and also appeal to pathos and logos in their argument of the importance of the freedom of speech.

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Each news source has its own social and political view on who is considered the offender and victim. The viewpoint of that source can affect an individual’s perception on the case.

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The theory also discusses falsehoods and their place in the marketplace of ideas. The theory places falsehoods as a very important part of the marketplace, because falsehoods contribute to the integrity of the truths. The article then goes on to discuss the importance of Intellectual Freedom and Freedom of Speech in democracy. Oltmann states that Freedom of Speech is necessary to democracy because it allows the circulation of free thought and opinions that then lead to political involvement of Americans. The source then discusses the place that the library and IF

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Reporters in the media have a specific job, to provide updated and accurate news, so that the public remains informed and current on the world’s daily events. Since, we are looking at Kantian ethics in this essay, it is important to look at the actions needed to be taken to be a good reporter and the whether or not the reporters in this particular case are being ethical based on Kantian ethics. In order to provide both necessary and accurate news, which keeps everyone up to date on various events, reporters must possess several defining qualities. A reporter in the media must be willing and determined enough to seek out the truth and then unbiased and straightforward enough to report the information without taking away from the honesty of the news that they are reporting on. Since Kantian ethics focuses on a person’s actions and whether or not those actions would be acceptable if everyone did them, in this paper we are going to focus on the reporters’ actions and the ethicality of their

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Information Media Rochelle Kennedy Mass Media HUM/186 August 7, 2017 Allyson Wells In this paper, I will discuss my thoughts on media and journalism to be more specific. I will voice my thoughts and opinions on how journalism and media shapes everyone’s thoughts and views. We will discuss and answer the following questions; Does information media have a social responsibility? And if the answer is yes, why do they have a social responsibility?

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1. Totalitarian Regime is considered to be the system of government or a particular authority or a group of party that imposes and exercises extreme and absolute control over all aspect of life and suppresses the cultural expression, preferences, recognition and tolerance of the other opposing political party. They a have the power to change the world and the perfect example is ISIS that believes in conquering the world, and those who do not believe in Islam is supposed to be killed. A) ISIS taking over India would be the least thing that I would like to imagine because that would result in some pretty scary scenarios that we would much rather not think about but still I were to imagine then there will be lot of changes that could be observed

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The phenomena of impartiality and objectivity are the most popular objects for discussion in the circles of journalists and media experts nowadays. There is controversy whether these theoretical concepts have practical application and whether they are essential elements of modern journalism. In this case it is significant to understand what elements of impartiality are topical for contemporaneity and whether there is a need to strive for impartiality at all. First of all, it is important to understand the meaning of the word «impartiality».

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The media plays an important role in influencing societies views and opinions about current news, issues and events that the world face. Within the emergence of new technology like the internet and cell phones, it has such current events and current news to be easily accessible to a global audience and to be consumed in real time. The Paris Terrorist Attack is a great example for the statement above because as soon as it happened, the attack instantly went viral all over social media like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Blogs etc. This essay aims to explain the growth of social media and specifically look at the impact it has on religion. It will discuss whether journalists should be religiously and culturally trained in order to report fairly

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A media source which ignores or censors important issues and events severely damages freedom of information. Many modern tabloids, twenty four hour news channels and other mainstream media sources have increasingly been criticized for not conforming to general standards of journalistic integrity. In nations described as authoritarian by most international think-tanks and NGOs media ownership is generally something very close to the complete state control over information in direct or indirect ways. Undesirable consequences which occur due to media imperialism are: • Commercially driven ultra-powerful mass market media is primarily loyal to sponsors i.e. advertisers and government rather than to the public interest.

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The People’s Republic of China, governed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), has arguably one of the most restrictive media systems in the world. The government censors all venues of media to maintain its monopoly on power and information while pushing ambitious economic modernization reforms. The media system in China is very different, but not totally different from the systems in all other countries in the world.

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But the positive interaction of government-press-society does not mean that each party must lose the function of its functional idealism. For if each existence is not approached with independent and interdependent responsibilities and obligations, it can be ascertained that each party will not be able to assume its rights and responsibilities. It means that the government should be given authority, as an authorized and responsible body to regulate the interests and spheres of its citizens. The press must remain authorized to carry out its distinctive social control functions.

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