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Travels Of The T-Shirt In The Global Economy Summary

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In the book The travels of the T-Shirt in the Global Economy, the author, Pietra Rivoli, discussed the activists and how they change the textile manufacturing. The activists are the people who want to improve the condition of the working class. Generation of activists have changed the rules of the race and raised the bottom, and making it a much better place to work than it used to be. Therefore, there are numerous changes in the textile manufacturing that business owners have created and/or enforced under pressure from activists since the Industrial Revolution, for example, child labor, health and safety inspections, and code of conduct.
To begin with, child labor allowed textile manufacturers in many countries to reach to the top, however, …show more content…

By the late 1980s, business practice for apparel companies should be responsible for the conditions in their suppliers’ factories. However, it was a novel and undesirable idea to most companies. Several years later, Levi Strauss become the first apparel company to create and enforce the code of conduct because of the under pressure from the activists, consumers, and religious group. In the book, the author stated that numerous companies began to adopt the code of conduct and expect their supplier commit a variety of fair labor practice as a condition of their business relationships, and organization emerged to help companies monitor conditions in their suppliers’ factories. In 1995, Verité, a nonprofit organization, assists various countries in their efforts to oversee working conditions in supplier factories. The struggles over child labor and minimum wage had become the ideas that large corporations should be responsible for workplace practices advanced from radical notion to mainstream business practice. In 2008, the United States and other European country had included labor protections in all of their future trade agreements. In the book, the author stated that in the summer of 2008, United States and most of the European apparel firms announced that Uzbeki cotton will no longer be used in their apparel because of the concerns over child labor in the cotton farms. In conclusion, many textile and apparel manufacturing had established the code of conduct all thank the activists, consumers, and other religious

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The book Travels of a T-Shirt in a Global Economy show the journey a T-shirt takes around the world, from the start as cotton, to the finished product on store shelves, to what happens to the shirt after the original owner does not want it anymore. The book is divided into four sections. I will discuss the first section, titled King Cotton, discussing the insights on the global economy, the role of politics in the cotton growing, the idea of free markets with the cotton, and the winner and losers in cotton growing.

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In the book The Travels of a T-Shirt in the Global Economy, the author, Pietra Rivoli, discusses the countries that were involved in the race to the bottom. Many countries tried their best to achieve their goals and take the lead in the cotton textile industry. Therefore, there are many countries that reached the top place in the textile industry, for example, New England, Japan, and China. To begin with, Britain was the first country that took the lead in the textile industry in the Industrial Revolution.

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The use of child labor in factories prompted concern by the 1830s, resulting in legal limits on labor. This also led to the eventual installation of the child education system. These harsh environments are undeniable but did cause necessary changes in the way the social structure was built in early Europe and the United

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The Travels of a T- Shirt in the Global Economy By: Pierta Rivoli What I found very interesting is the fact that the main character of the book a simple cotton t-shirt which symbolizes a complex autobiography. Discussing about International Trade can be challenging at times, especially if your audience is not familiar with the specific topic. Moreover, a book about the influence of politics on industry might not be very appealing to read or sound abstract to some. Coming back to the main point, all the detailed information about the life cycle of this 6 dollars t-shirt was well -written.

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During the Industrial Revolution, the use of child labor increased in factories due their small size, which allowed them to move in small spaces where adults couldn’t fit. Also, children were easier to control than adults and could be paid a lot less. In Document 2 it states

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Child labor during the 18th and 19th century did not only rapidly develop an industrial revolution, but it also created a situation of difficulty and abuse by depriving children of edjucation, good physical health, and the proper emotional wellness and stability. In the late 1700 's and early 1800 's, power-driven machines replaced hand labor for making most manufactured items. Many of America 's factories needed a numerous amount of workers for a cheap salary. Because of this, the amount of child laborers have been growing rapidly over the early 1800s.

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U.S. companies have changed over the years in the way they operate and do business. In the years gone by, they would set up shop by building their factories and hiring the labor force to come in and make whatever garments they manufacturing at the time. As time passed by, it was discovered that labor could be obtained a whole lot cheaper by outsourcing to another country where people worked longer hours for cheaper wages. In today’s corporate world, this labor force can be found in many foreign locations as well as in the United States.

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More and more people began working in these factories, and these businesses even started accepting women and children into the workforce because they were a cheaper source of labor.

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The Industrial Revolution brought many changes in production and trade farm fields for factories to America. It changed the landscape of the Northern states and the economy of the nation as a whole. One of these many changes included the mills where textiles were made. Young girls from across the country came to work in these mills to make just enough money for their families to survive. Sadly, these mills gave too many problems for these young girls.

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The Travels of the T-shirt in the Global Economy, details the depths of a traveling T-shirt through production from the cotton fields, to textiles, its distribution, and finally its reuse in poorer countries while describing everything in between. The book uses the origins of cotton to explain the birth of the cotton T-shirts among other clothing in the worldwide trade markets. It uses real accounts of farmers, factory workers, even politicians as a source to present the journey of a simple commodity in the universal economy. The book compares two different markets dominated by two countries, cotton in the U.S and textiles in China; and tries to justify its success in the global world. The beginning discusses the process of production of cotton in the 18th century, often very strenuous, back breaking work with no mechanical systems, as we see

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In the late 1700’s and early 1800’s machines started replacing hand labor for most manufactured items, like soap and dairy products in England. Factory owners found out that children workers were cheaper than adults, therefore letting them have more workers. By the mid 1800’s, child labor was a major problem in the economy. This was during the Industrial Revolution. This was a period of time when there was a economic and social change from hand tools to power driven machines, like the power loom and steam engine.

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B.L. Hutchins and A. Harrison, revealed that “children were probably exposed to worse conditions in textile factories than in other other industries” (Hutchins and Harrison, Factory Legislation, p. 140). Reformers saw that child labor had to be regulated in all forms of industry. The first effective Factory Act, passed

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The industrial revolution changed child labor from more commonly being practiced at home or on the family’s farm to mines and factories without parental supervision. “Through the first half of the 1800s, child labor was an essential part of the agricultural and handicraft economy of the United States.” (Editors, 2009). Due to the rise in need for workers and the boom in factories, children were ideal.

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Child labor is something people in the United States might think of as awful, but for families in countries like China it is a way of life. Name brand companies, for example Nike, have their products made overseas often using children to do the work. The use of child labor in other countries for Nike brings up the debate on whether or not the United States should buy products that have been produced by children. The United States should not buy products manufactured with the use of child labor because of the unfair wages they get paid and bad working conditions. Some may argue that by putting children to work it is lowering the unemployment rates in countries, the morals of buying products produced by young teenagers is just flat out wrong.

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Most believe that child labor does not affect them, not recognizing that the Persian rugs they put in their living room are made by suffering children in a dark, small room living in captivity. Some don’t realize the soccer balls that their children are kicking around outside are made by innocent children themselves, who slave away for nothing. Practically everything we wear was produced by a small child. Child labor is a serious concern in many parts of the world, especially in less developed countries. We don’t usually hear about child labor in the media, however it’s happening and unfortunately most people are unaware of the issue.

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