ipl-logo

Why Is It Negatively Charged To Receive An Electron?

693 Words3 Pages

In an X-ray tube, electrons move from negatively charged cathode to positively charged anode. The electron is negatively charged and the anode is positively charged. Therefore the anode attracts the electron. Due to this force of attraction, the electron is accelerated and, therefore, its kinetic energy increases. The kinetic energy of the electron is very high as it reaches the electron. The electron strikes an atom in the anode. There are two types of interactions - (1) interaction with an electron shell and (2) interaction with the atomic nucleus. The interaction with an electron shell produces a form of X-ray called characteristic radiation and the interaction with the atomic nucleus produces a form of X-ray called Bremsstrahlung radiation. …show more content…

This is called characteristic radiation because it is characteristic of the material of the anode. The binding energy of an electron in an atom is defined as the minimum energy required to remove that electron out of the atom. This depends on the atomic number of the atom and the shell to which the electron belongs. As the incoming electron strikes an atom in the anode, the electron slows down and loses its kinetic energy. Some of the kinetic energy is converted into characteristic radiation and the remaining into heat. If the incoming electron hits an atom in the anode close to the atomic nucleus, the electron is deflected and moves away from the atom. It is slowed down by the attractive force from the nucleus. This reduces the kinetic energy of the electron. The loss of kinetic energy of the electron appears as Bremsstrahlung radiation (German word for breaking radiation) and heat. Most of X-ray photons are in the form of Bremsstrahlung …show more content…

The filament of the cathode is heated with the help of an electrial circuit. This is similar to how the filament of a light bulb is heated when current passes through it. "The filament is heated with the electric current passing through it, to the glowing temperature and the electrons are then expelled from the cathode".The process is known as thermionic emission. Thermionic emission occurs when thermal energy supplied to the charge carriers overcomes the binding potential of the atoms in the cathode. The binding potential is also known as the work function of the metal. The electrons in the outermost shell are ejected first because they have the lowest binding energy. A pure tungsten filament needs to be heated to a temperature of 2200 degrees or above to emit useful number of electrons for the production of x-ray. After emission, a charge that is equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to the total charge emitted is initially left behind in the emitting region. But if the emitter is connected to a battery, the battery produces a charge which is equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to the charge left behind. Thus the charge left behind is neutralized as the emitted charge carriers move away from the emitter, and finally the emitter is in the same state as it was before

Show More
Related
1003 Words | 5 Pages

The electrons losses its energy in form of photon and these photons make the main part of x-ray that are being used in diagnostic imaging. In anode a major part of energy is converted to heat, the anode should have a high melting point and good heat conductivity to get a high amount of x-ray energy. A photon undergoes two process incoherent scattering and coherent scattering. coherent scattering is when photon changes its direction of motion, and when the photon energy increases the probability for photon decreases and it increases with the increase atomic number. X-rays has clinical advantages for instance in chest x-ray screening test if its negative its sufficient and x-rays

Read More
869 Words | 4 Pages

This can also occur as the Magic School proton enters the electron cloud because when violating the Electromagnetic force helps structure the atom by giving the atom mostly empty space because the negative electrons and the positive protons are not stuck together and instead have a gap between them to give the atom empty space. Protons in the center of the nucleus are tightly packed to it gives extra room in the electron cloud for the

Read More
1096 Words | 5 Pages

In 1911, he theorized that the nucleus of atoms contained negatively charged electrons and that there were electrons arranged in rings around the nucleus. Later work by Niels Bohr contributed to the Rutherford-Bohr atomic

Read More
1180 Words | 5 Pages

Due to the abbe sine condition, for X-rays to be properly refracted they must pass over an even number of curved mirrors, that are parallel to each other. When the waves hit the lens, they get bent or are refracted. There are objects built into the telescope so that data can be recorded. One of these things is the collimated detector, which is what collects the X-ray signals. The electronic eye then records the location of where the rays came from.

Read More
997 Words | 4 Pages

The most likely reason for these results may be due to the halogen lamp having a similar preferred wavelength of light emitted to the design of the solar cells than tungsten. Keywords: Halogen, tungsten, solar cell, efficient, incandescent, resistance, voltage, power, photon Introduction: • Add pictures

Read More
995 Words | 4 Pages

In this he showed also that this definite range, or “stopping power”, of a substance is proportional to the square root of its atomic number, and was the first to distinguish between four groups of alpha particles—those emitted by radium, radon, RaA, and RaC. Henry’s work continued with the study of the ionization of gases by alpha particles, and earned him a fellowship of the Royal Society of London. It should be noted that all of Henry’s initial work however was not all glory, as he became a center of controversy for several years concluding that X-rays and gamma rays were not electromagnetic waves, but rather streams of neutral particles. As experimental evidence arose which was in clear opposition, however, he of course adopted the new understandings. Nonetheless, Henry’s contributions had already earned him respect in the worldwide science community. In 1909, Bragg left his position at Adelaide to become the Cavendish Chair of Physics at the University of

Read More
2282 Words | 10 Pages

In the early 1900’s much was becoming known about atoms, and theories of their quantum nature was slowly beginning to become accepted among the scientific community. The idea of quantisation had gained a lot of traction due to fundamental experiments that were being developed along with the theory explaining them. In 1887, Heinrich Hertz discovered that the electric discharge between two electrodes was enhanced if the negative electrode was illuminated

Read More
357 Words | 2 Pages

Their energy is directly proportional to the frequency of the light. The photons emitted

Read More
559 Words | 3 Pages

They are accelerated at a high voltage towards the direction of the anode, which is positively charged relative to the cathode. This process happens inside a high vacuum, if this wasn't the case the electrons would hit air molecules, causing them to lose energy before the reach the anode. The high energy electrons hit the anode and energy is released. Some of this energy is released as X-rays, but most of the energy is converted to heat. This leaves the question if the process is efficient.

Read More
426 Words | 2 Pages

There are three ways of creating charges, friction, conduction, and induction. An electron is a negative charged particle, a proton is a positively charged particle, and a neutron is a particle that has no charge A nuclear force, between a proton and neutron stick together to form a nucleus. The neutron inside of the nucleus has no charge, so it’s considered positive because it combines together with the protons, which is positively charged. The negative charged electron orbit around the nucleus because the force attraction of the two, proton and neutron. The number of electrons orbiting around the nucleus is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus, so overall the charge of an atom is neutral.

Read More
1910 Words | 8 Pages

After injection by a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is also known as a radioactive tracer, pairs of gamma rays can be detected through the emission indirectly. Radionuclide is an isotope with an unstable nucleus, also known as a

Read More
717 Words | 3 Pages

Positive electrons stream into the electrolyte, while alternate electrons move around the outside circuit and to the positive terminal; making the object work. With a detached chemical reaction happening in the positive electrode, arriving electrons recombine with electrons removed from the electrolyte, thus, completing the circuit. The electrons and ions flow because of the chemical reactions that occur. With the chemical reactions, the power the battery generates, the chemicals inside are slowly converted into electrical

Read More
628 Words | 3 Pages

Ionising radiation To produce a medical image, energy is required. In medical imaging radiation is the form of energy utilised. In physics, radiation is defined as “the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles that cause radiation” (REF). Ionising radiation is of a shorter

Read More
629 Words | 3 Pages

Radioactivity or radiation therapy uses high energy rays or radioactive substances to damage tumor cells or halt their growth, it has been used alone or along with other treatments as an effective tool for treating cancers for over one hundred years, It is estimated that about two-thirds of all cancer patients will receive radiation therapy as a stand alone treatment or as part of a more comprehensive treatment protocol. Before Ionizing particle beams, few options for both benign or malignant diseases were available. X-Rays discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Rцntgen quickly changed that. Before it was know how x-rays worked fully they were actually used by Wilhelm Conrad Rцntgen to treat a woman's breast cancer just a year after their discovery.

Read More
981 Words | 4 Pages

Radiation can be defined as the energy travelling through space which comes from a source and may be able to penetrate various materials. There are two types of radiation and they are the non-ionizing and ionizing radiation. Non-ionizing radiation consists of light, radio and microwaves. Whereby ionizing radiation can produce charged particles in matter, and ionizing radiation is produced by unstable atoms. The difference between unstable atoms and stable atoms is that unstable atoms have an excess of energy or mass or both.

Read More

More about Why Is It Negatively Charged To Receive An Electron?

Open Document