Politeness Of Women

1 Scope of the study This study sheds light on treating women as inferior and incomplete human beings to men. How society put women as a second rank, this gap between men and women makes a defect and preternatural dilemma within the society. This research will be using the qualitative and contrastive approaches on Rachel Crothers’ play “A Man’s World” (1908) and Fathia Elasal’s play “Women without Masks نساء بلا أقنعة” (1999).

1.2 Objective of the study This research seeks to demonstrate women’s oppression in the two plays from men in different ways. The aim of this study is to answer the following questions.

In “Women without Masks نساء بلا أقنعة” play:

1-How hypocrite husband can be to control his wife’s life?

2- How was the

Penelope Brown and Stephen Levinson are considered the first two who formulated the Politeness theory in 1987. There are considerable perspectives about the nature and scope of the Politeness theory .Leech (1980) writes that politeness is “strategic conflict avoidance”. Watts (2003) says that Politeness is “a set of strategies to achieve social goals with a minimum of social friction”. Mills (2003) points out that Politeness is “the expression of the speakers’ intention to mitigate face threats carried by certain face threatening acts toward another”. Another point of view hold in the 18th century is that Politeness has been used to distinguish one social class from another and it was used to exclude members of the upcoming commercial class access to positions of wealth and power. Politeness can thus be seen as a central concept in the formation of social

For example: Oh, you take a lot of notes like me, our hands will get hurt someday, I wonder if I can borrow your notebook as I missed something the professor had said?

Here, there is a kind of a simple joke to soften the demand. 1.4.5 Negative Politeness Yule (1996, p.60-61) believed that negative politeness is a type of face saving act which show deference and a sort of humility affirming that one has awareness of the other’s wants and freedom, it may be include an apology. For example: could you bring me a cup of water, please? The word ‘please’ softens the request. 1.4.6 Face threatening acts Yule (1996, p.61) stated face threatening acts as that people consider that their wants are respected and if the contrary happens and the other show disrespect which deemed as a threat to the other wants, expectations and freedom regarding self-image, this is called Face threatening act. 1.4.7 Negative-face threatening