Acetic anhydride Essays

Observations During the gradual addition of acetic anhydride, the previous solution of aniline later acquired an oil-like layer floating on the surface. Once the mixture was swirled, the solution became cloudy and milky-yellow in colour. The charcoal that was added to the warm solution began clear up the solution. The oil-like droplets began to mix with the solution. Data and Calculations See Lab K report sheet that is attached. Discussion In this experiment, acetanilide was organically synthesized

Acetylation Lab Summary Two versions of the same experiment were performed to assess the difference in reactivity of certain amines with acetic anhydride. Throughout both experiments, observations were made about the reaction progress. The starting materials and products were characterized using thin layer chromatography (TLC), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and melting point. During the first week, I dissolved 0.512g of aniline in 8.5mL of water, and added 5.5mL of 1M HLC. During this step, I observed

Aims The aim of this experiment was to synthesis acetaminophen from 4-aminophenol and acetic anhydride. The crude synthesised acetaminophen was then compared to USP grade acetaminophen by some tests. Both of these acetaminophen undergoes infrared spectroscopy, melting point, ultraviolet spectrum, thin layer chromatography and residual free 4-aminophenol testes. Physical properties of ten tablets of 500mg panadol were measured by using vernier callipers and analytical balance. Introduction Acetaminophen

anti-inflammatory drugs), aspirin is commonly used in the treatment of simple inflammatory ailments such as headaches and low-grade fevers2. The synthesis of aspirin is relatively simple. The two reactants are acetic anhydride and salicylic acid and the products are acetylsalicylic acid and acetic acid1. One method used to analyze the purity of a synthesized aspirin product is spectrophotometry4. Spectrophotometry is a method that uses light absorption as a means of deriving the composition of a substance4

consistent results for our salicylic acid content. It is because the volumetric pipette shows a better accuracy than using a beaker and transferring it to graduated cylinder just to have 10 ml of your solution. In comparison to that, 5.0 ml of acetic anhydride was measured through the use of an accurate pump and not by a different apparatus. In short, through the use of specific apparatuses, which provides an accurate measurement, correlates to my quantitative values which are concise. The purity of

Drug profile of doxorubicin Doxorubicin (DOX) also known as Adriamycin is categorized as anthracycline antiobiotic. It was first extracted from Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius by aerobic fermentation followed by solvent extraction and purification by chromatography in 1970s. It is also extracted from Streptomyces coeruleorubidus or chemically synthesized from daunomycin (its natural analog). DOX differes from daunorubicin only by a single OH group (Arcamone et al., 1972). DOX is a broad spectrum

of condensation reaction, which involve the condensation of acidic anhydride and aldehyde in the presence of weak base (i.e. Sodium and potassium salt of the acid or trimethylamine) to give unsaturated carboxylic acid.(Equation-1)[1].In 1968 Perkin described the very first example of such type condensation reaction, involve the synthesis of coumarin by condensing the sodium or potassium salt of salicylaldehyde with acetic anhydride (Equation-2)[2].Generally such type of reaction is only applicable

Introduction Acetanilide is a white, crystal-like compound which is the resultant of the synthesis of aniline and acetic anhydride. In 1886, acetanilide was implemented into medicinal practice by P. Hepp and A. Cahn and was the first derivative of aniline that was found to be a pain-reliever. The compound has also been utilized in the manufacturing of other drugs such as penicillin and sulfonamide drugs. Acetanilide can be used as an inhibitor for the decomposition in H2O2 solutions and in the production

Conclusions In this experiment, acetanilide was synthesized via nucleophilic acyl substitution from both acetic anhydride and aniline. During this reaction, aniline acts as the nucleophile and acyl (CH3CO-) group from acetic anhydride acts as the electrophile. The hydrogen atom of –NH2 group is replaced by the acyl group. The crude product contained acetanilide, and acetic acid, which was the impurity. Recrystallization, which was used to purify the contaminated acetanilide, required a

produced from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride, with acetic acid as its by-product. However, salicylic acid consists of the phenolic and carboxylic acid groups which are way too acidic for the stomach lining. Thus, acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) was refined to become a more effective substitute. Theories In this experiment set-up, acetic anhydride is added to salicylic acid in the presence of a catalyst, concentrated sulphuric acid. Acetylsalicylic acid and acetic acid are then produced, after the

salicylic acid. The mechanism for this synthesis is through nucleophilic acyl substitution. Acetic anhydride was the acetylation reagent used with the salicylic acid. The mechanisms and the reaction involved in the synthesis are seen in the following figure. 1.00 gram of fine white salicylic acid powder was weighed in a clean, dry 125mL Erlenmeyer flask. 3mL of strong smelling, clear colorless acetic anhydride liquid was then measured in a 10mL graduated cylinder in the fume hood, and poured into the

The melting point of the experimentally synthesized Aspirin product was found to be between 126-129 ˚C. This temperature range of initial to final melting point has a small and sharp temperature range of only 3˚C, which is within the acceptable limits of the 128-137˚C1 literature value for Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid/2-acetoxybenzoic acid), if located slightly toward the beginning of the literature melting temperature range. Therefore, the narrow melting point range, which falls within the standard

dehydrating agent ( allow the reaction to move forward towards ester formation ) . 2) The usage of dehydrating agents ( as CaCl or MgSo4) to remove excess water molecules trapped in the ester layer . B) Synthesis of ester using acetic anhydride :- 1- Add 2-3 ml of acetic anhydride in a large dry test tube then add 3 drops of concentrated sulphuric acid and mix. 2- Get any one of these alcohols (1-propanol, 3-methyl-1- butanol, benzyl alcohol, or 1-octanol) in a small dry test tube . 3- Put the large

liquid acetic anhydride to 1.8 equivalents of phosphoric acid and concluded with an aqueous workup with NaOH. The initial reaction mixture containing ferrocene, acetic anhydride, and phosphate acid was mixed on a hot stir plate. During this period, reflux was observed, and the mixture appeared dark brown in color. To quench the reaction, the reaction mixture was transferred onto ice. NaOH was slowly added into the mixture, which resulted in acetic acid byproduct from the acetic anhydride reactant/solvent

p-toludine, which was originally a white solid. Ethanol was added as a solvent for this reaction. Sodium borohydride was added in slow portion as the reducing agent, dissolving the precipitate into a yellowish lime solution. Glacial acetic acid and acetic anhydride were added to the mixture while refluxing, which converted the lime colored solution into a clear mixture. The flask was cooled in an ice bath and the solution

Anthranilic acid (0.1M, 18g) was taken in acetic anhydride and refluxed under anhydrous conditions for 4 hrs. Excess of acetic anhydride was then distilled off under reduced pressure. Obtained product was immediately used for next step. Step-4 Synthesis of 2-Methyl-3-[5-(4-substituted)phenyl-1,3,4- oxadiazole-2-yl]- quinazoline-4(3H)-ones53 (5) To the mixture of benzoxazinone (4), 2-Amino-5-aryl -1,3,4-oxadiazole (0.1M) in 100ml of glacial acetic acid was added and refluxed under anhydrous

Purpose The aim of this experiment is to an amide is created by treating an amine with acid anhydride during acetaminophen preparation. Acetaminophen (p-acetamidophenol), the amide, is produced when the amine p-aminophenol is subjected to treatment by acetic anhydride. Experiment Data/Results We started this experiment by obtaining a 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask so we are able to transfer the compounds needed for this reaction mixture. We weighed about 1.5008 grams of p-aminophenol and placed this

further three times with yield 86%. 2.2.2. Preparation of carboxyl terminated star shaped PEG (HO-sPEG-(COOH)3) The reaction procedure was done according to the reported literature [18]. Briefly, a solution containing 0.3 gr (3 mmol) succinic anhydride and 0.4 ml (3 mmol) of triethylamine in 10 ml of THF was dropwise added to a stirred solution of 1 mmol of sPEG in 10 ml of anhydrous THF for 12 h at 75 C. The solvent of product solution was evaporated by a rotary evaporator and the obtained dark

the second step is reduction of p-nitroacetanilide to p-nitroaniline . Step I: Preparation of p-nitroacetanilide from acetanilide (Nitration) Reaction: Procedure: Place 8 g acetanilide in a 250 mL round bottom flask and add to it 8 mL glacial acetic acid and 16 mL conc.H2SO4.Cool the flask in an ice bath. Meanwhile mix 4 mL each of conc.HNO3 and Conc.H2SO4 in a test tube and cool the mixture. Add this nitrating mixture to the solution of acetanilide drop wise with stirring and keep the temperature

Butyl ethanoate has a fruity smell and can be described as a pear smell. Its molecular formula is CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH3 and, like in this experiment can be produced from butanol and acetic acid. Butyl ethanoate is a colourless, flammable liquid which often is used in organic chemistry as a solvent. In industry, butyl ethanoate is used to manufacture lacquers, artificial leather, photographic films, plastics and safety glasses. Due it