Renin-angiotensin system Essays

MODAFINIL:DRUG OF THE MODERN ERA Modafinil(commonly known by the brand names Provigil, Alertec, Modavigil etc) is an oral drug that is used to induce wakefulness in patients with sleepiness. It reduces fatigue and enhances alertness in an individual. It is also known as nootropic. It is usually taken once in a day with or without eating your meal. Modafinil is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of narcolepsy or Obstructive sleep apnea hyperpnoea syndrome (OSAHS)

Clonidine is a centrally acting alpha-agonist antihypertensive drug that is used to suppress the sympathetic nervous system and plasma renin activity1. This allows blood vessels to relax, which leads to better blood flow throughout the body. It has been used since 1970s. Clonidine was initially only used to treat hypertension, but now it is used for various other conditions including ADHD, alcohol and opiate withdrawal, anxiety, smoking cessation, and many more. Clonidine comes in a tablet form (extended-release

Decreased blood flow to the kidneys activates the renin angiotensin system. Renin is released, which activates angiotension to produce angiotensin I, which is then converted to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is also a potent vasoconstrictor, which causes both arterial and venous vasoconstriction. Angiotensin II also stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone, which results in sodium and water reabsorption and potassium

determine if the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system is the ultimate controlling system in terms of why and how it functions. Definition of the topic: The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system is being evaluated to determine if it is the ultimate controlling system. Composed of various components such as the renal, liver, adrenal gland and cardiac system. This system interlinks all its components to carry out its function. To determine the functions of the three hormones; renin, angiotensin and how they

areas of the circulation caused by an increase in volume, and elicit reflexes parallel to the baroreceptor reflexes to make the total reflex system more potent for control of arterial pressure. b) Long term mechanism for control of blood pressure: Is determined by the balance between the fluid intake and output. 1. The Renin-Angiotensin System Renin is synthesized and stored in an inactive form called prorenin in the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys. These cells are modified smooth

sepsis and nephrotoxicity. Acute kidney injury is mediated by both adaptive and innate immune systems. The role of the nervous system in the activation of immune response and vice- versa is becoming a topic of interest in acute kidney injury. The two systems have a different mode of action. While the nervous system is static, its functions are executed by nerve fibers everywhere in the body. The immune system, on the other hand, is largely migratory in its responses using the blood, lymphatic vessels

1. Summary of Issue My cultural background causes me to be curious about cultural competence, and as a future social worker, I think it is important that I am able to understand what it means. With the never-ending string of racially charged violence, protests against the governement, and all other actions carried out my disadvantaged groups, it has caused me to look at myself and the concept of white privlage that I have. I have always known I was not well-rehearsed in the understanding of other

social institutions the gerontologists use macro-level theories. Macro-level theories focus on the social structures and social processes. They look at the social institutions, social systems, and whole societies. An example, of a social institution is the family. Healthcare or housing is an example of social systems. The macro-level theories analyze social institutions and how they shape experiences and behaviors. Furthermore, these theories focus on huge events in the individual’s life, such as

At high concentrations, it can affect the nervous system by preventing cellular respiration, forming complex with iron in the mitochondrial cytochrome enzymes (Locey, 2005). After much research, it is now found to fit the criteria for gasotransmitters, (i) it exists as a gas, (ii) it is permeable to plasma

K : 2015217199 gped1623 assignment LECTURER: MONARENG S.D.A  An ecological system is a theory about how a child development is affected by their society and the world around them. This theory was developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner who is a Russian psychologist and is regarded as a pioneer in examining family structure an influence to a child’s development into adulthood. His development of the ecological systems is regarded and his greatest contribution to the psychology and child development

key driver to quality of care as it enables a better emphasis on the care practice from identification, and throughout all approaches leading to healthy lifestyle maintenance (Antwi & Mryanka 2014). Nursing performances in the current healthcare systems are therefore, focused on care quality which is mostly determined through patients’ conditions, as well as the attainment of structural objectives (Bakker et al 2000, Brady Germain & Cummings 2010). Every organisation has a unique structural “finger

Social work is professional as well as academic area which is associated with social welfare and social wellbeing of the communities and overall society. Social work functions through by the variety of the means and set of activities such as; campaigns, social change, rallies, development, empowerment, cohesion just to name a few. On the other hand, the ideological area of social work is aided by different social, philosophical theories ideas such as; collective responsibility, respect for diversities

rightfully so, as a culture of silence remained (p. 3). With a goal of breaking the cycle of inaction, authors reported that it could no longer be tolerated – declaring, “it is simply not acceptable for patients to be harmed by the same health care system that is supposed to offer healing and comfort” (Kohn et al., 2000, p.

Using systems theory this chapter will evaluate the effectiveness of within person characteristics, such as adaptive coping as well as factors external to the person, such as family support, neighbourhood networks, health provision, and government financial support and other factors that promote individual resilience. There are many variants of the systems theory, this paper will utilise the theory outlined by Bronfenbrenner, (1979) called the social ecological theory to take perspective on resilience

that when an infant is separated from the primary caregiver or attachment figure (usually the mother). A set of behaviors will ensue which serve the function of regaining proximity to the caregiver. This is known as the separation protest behavioral system (Bowlby, 1973). Separation protest is unique to attachment relationships. In that only where an attachment is present will the separation protest behaviors ensue (Bowlby, 1973, 1980, 1982).Attachment theory is grounded in evolutionary psychology,

1. INTRODUCTION Stakeholder activism is a way which stakeholders can influence a corporation’s behaviour by exercising their rights as stakeholders (Chiu, 2010:1). In this process activists present threats to the organisation, but they also provide opportunities for the organisation to manage their communication in a strategic way. These groups often co-work with the government to affect internal operations as the government is seen as a pathway through the resolution of these problems. Activist

The systems theory use by social workers show how interrelated factors contribute to detrimental actions. In Pruett case, she was engaging in risky behaviors and was not in contact with her father for five years. Some of her only memories of him involved the abuse of drugs and arguing with her mother. As an individual, Pruett health, including her biological system should also be a concern for the social worker. The body functions as a system as well. For example, if she had contracted HIV/AIDS due

The Kitchener-Waterloo region, located in the Canadian province of Ontario, has undergone significant social, economic, and demographic changes in the past few decades. As the population has grown and diversified, the region has become a complex society, characterized by a range of hallmarks that reflect its dynamic and multifaceted nature. In this paper, we will explore some of the key hallmarks of complex societies in Kitchener-Waterloo, focusing on aspects such as economic development, social

The appropriate definition of the American System refers to a policy of promoting industry by adopting tariffs to protect and develop internal improvement by the government in the United States (American System, n.d.). However, Henry Clay devised a plan called the “System” that consist of three reinforcing parts, such as, promoting and protecting American industries, a national bank to foster commerce, and roads, canals, or other “internal improvements” for agricultural to develop profit; in which

Dynamic Systems Theory Dynamic systems theory seeks to explain the relationships in a given environment (Robbins, Chaterjee, & Canda, 2012). Dynamic systems theory organizes relationships by forming holons, something that is simultaneously a whole entity by itself while being part of a larger group (Edwards, 2005). In this case, Emma is the focal point of analysis. Her primary holon consists of her nuclear family as the suprasystem and her biological, emotional, spiritual, and cognitive state