Abstract Sectarianism holds hegemonic power over Lebanon that is resistant to challenges of change. Institutional and foreign actors serve to instill and reinforce sectarianism from above while political and economic elites play on sectarian sentiments to maintain and enhance their power, contributing to sectarianism from below. These efforts ensure that the Lebanese subjects remain affiliated with their respective sects, compartmentalized in self-managed communities. Introduction Sectarian democracy
The Syrian Civil War has been prolonged further than ever anticipated. With casualties reaching the hundreds of thousands, this war has left permanent impacts on families across all of Syria. The civil war in Syria was sparked from the Arab Spring which consisted of countries in North Africa and Middle East. It then escalated to widespread violence emitting from the Syrian government, and resulting in what is now the Syrian Civil War. With all of this starting from a peaceful protest and now resulting
AYESHA UMAR BSS-3A 01-155162-036 Pakistan India conflict India Pakistan conflict is the one of the biggest conflict in the history of Pakistan. It is one of the long-lived, long standing and indecisive conflict of history and contemporary world. Countless lives are forfeited in Pakistan
A sect is a kind of religious group that is differentiate itself from a larger group by following a different path and principles. In the Christianity-church concept, sects are defined newly established groups that has a structure includes protest elements of its main religion. The sect is a subjective topic that changes based on time, location and religion. For example, Catholics may refer to the Protestants as sect, on the other hand the Orthodox church is a sect in the point of view of Protestants
This cartoon provokes sectarianism in the Arab world and make fun of it; This will make Sectarian individuals feel for their sectarianism in a way that is not so obvious. Sectarianism has not always been in the Arab world but it come in the 19th century with western colonization that used the logic divide and rule to conquer the people. Usually sectarianism and bigotry are strategies used to divide the nation and to wake any ethnics and religious differences and make them conscious about it.
TO WHAT EXTENT DOES THE SECTARIANISM SHAPES THE GEOPOLITICS IN THE REGION? Nature Of Sunni And Shia Sunni and Shia sects both came from the same root, followers of Allah. The rift between the two biggest Muslim factions goes right back to who should succeed the Prophet Mohamed as leader of the emerging Islamic community. Normally, succession would pass to the eldest son of the leader, yet, Mohamed had no son but a daughter. Therefore, it came into an argument after his death in the 7th century. On
played an important role in shaping the political landscape of the region are Iran and Israel. Although they share some similarities, they also are very different in many aspects, including colonization, nationalism, political Islam, ethnicity and sectarianism, minorities, authoritarianism, militarism, and political economy. While Israel was founded as a Jewish state in 1948, Iran has a much longer history, dating back thousands of years. In terms of colonization, Israel's history is characterized by
Contrasting Lebanon and Yemen with Iran, Egypt, Tunisia, and Libya, the former’s revolutionary processes differ from the latter because of their religious divisions. Lebanon is a country with many divisions, and those sects have inter-sects, which makes it extremely difficult to organize a unified force. Due to this, it is nearly impossible to organize a movement that is strong enough to overthrow the government. Yemen is faced with a Zaydi Shiite rebel group against the Sunni government, resulting
but rather by their ideology. This places people who do not fit into the same ideology as “other” and therefore labels them as the enemy. The problem here is that identity politics are inherently exclusive and fragmentation tends to occur. Local sectarianism is based upon ethnicity or religion. In “new wars”, sources of financing can only be sustained through continued violence. This is just another reason that there is no incentive to stop
Surratt’s brief view into Rosenthal’s critique of the novel and support it. After all, it is Elder and Theodore Wieland’s isolation in their beliefs that results in their respective downfalls. Watts’ analysis of Brown critiquing Elder Wieland’s sectarianism is also valid, as it is his conviction to a peculiar sect of Christianity that leads him to his doom, but the novel does not support a critique of orthodox Christianity, so I can’t say I’d agree with his article in its
problems, as well as to provide contrast between civilization and personal morals, and to reflect the general mood of the story. (McKeon 4)Interestingly Twain’s uses setting to address his concerns with society's problems, including racism and sectarianism. Twain set the novel in antebellum Missouri, a slave state, and Twain uses this setting to exhibit many of the problems of the old south. Twain shows the problems with racism in chapter 32 when Huck lies about how he got to Aunt Sally with the
be social and political conflict and popular religious movements and criticism of the church. The Reformation broke out in the first free cities of Germany, and Switzerland with basic tenets of Lutheran and Zwinglian Protestantism. Frowning on sectarianism and aggressive proselytizing, they made it very possible that the Catholics and Protestants to live side by side with appropriate barriers between them. Social and political experience also got influenced in the religious change in town and countryside
Australian History SAC Plan Divisions in Australian society virtually disappeared during the crisis of World War I. All were united in a common cause. To what extent do you agree with this statement? “Australia will rally to the mother country to help and defend her to our last man and our last shilling”. On the eve of total war, then-opposition leader Andrew Fisher rallied the new nation around those words. When Britain declared war on Germany on the 4th of August 1914, Australia followed the
Dorje Shugden, otherwise called Dolgyal is connected to the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. Dorje Shugden is distinctively looked upon as a gyalpo, an unremarkable minor protector whose appears to be enlightened one. The Dorje Shugden discussion emerged inside all schools of Tibetan Buddhism, including the Gelug school itself, in regards to Dorje Shugden’s personality, status of enlightenment and how it was different from standard Gelug teachings. Dorje Shugden was a very angry spirit. Shugden
The national characteristic of the political and social structure of America is what makes it unique from other nations of the world. Martin Lipset points out that the key to understanding social, economic and political trends throughout American history is to consider them in the context of the five terms or otherwise known as the five dimensional prism, which are both governmental and social policies that establish a sense of independence and equality within the nation. Lipset also points out how
differed was never a problem until the 16th century. The 16th century was a pivotal period not only for the Roman Catholic and Protestant churches but also for Christianity, as it marked the beginning of a new era involving religious diversity and sectarianism. This schism, driven primarily by theological and political differences, led to the formation of new denominations and the rise of religious dissent, ultimately shaping the religious landscape of Europe and the world for centuries to come. Even
Globalization The modern concept of globalization, and the first appearance of this concept in 1995, and there are several reasons led to the emergence of this concept, and most important of these reasons is the collapse of the Soviet Union. Where the concept of globalization is a comprehensive concept featuring various aspects of life for this we have to define globalization: For several definitions of the concept of globalization, due to the different views about it, this is the most important
religious intolerance. Both secular and religious leaders alike immediately denounced the rebellious book and its author, but that did not stop its effects. In his now world-renowned novel, Voltaire articulates his powerful opposition to religious sectarianism, assists in implementing these revolutionary ideas into the minds of the oppressed,
Conforming to John F. Kennedy's book Profiles in Courage, one who places their convictions ahead of their career is someone who is politically courageous. Bernie Sanders, a socialist politician, former mayor of Burlington, senator of Vermont, and current presidential candidate, is a prime example of a political profile of courage. His political career in its entirety has focused plainly on the greater good of the American people. Never has he given his fellow politicians the gratification of putting
misconduct and to apprehend those who take part in this criminal behavior. This form of crime control is known as the aggressive preventive patrol model. The main issue that arose with this approach to handling crime was racial discrimination and sectarianism. During this time period, many people possessed a racially biased mindset.