Introduction:
ABO blood group system was first known in 1901 by an Austrian immunologist Karl Landsteiner. He mixed red cells suspensions, taken individually from many people, with some separated sera. He got four patterns of agglutination. ABO groups frequency changes in different group populations. Asians have a high incidence of group B whereas Amerindians almost have group O. In the UK, the percent of the four blood groups are: A (42%), O (46.5%), AB (3%), and B (8,5%). (1) Karal Landsteiner got the Nobel Prize in 1930 for his detection of blood group ABO, which has the most medically important blood types. (3)
In 1907, Jansky suggested using Roman numerals I for O, II for A, III for B, and IV for AB. Later in 1910, Moss suggested
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As we see all the bad and fatal consequences of doing any mistake during transfusion. High educated and practiced specialist must get this hard job. Scientists studies are very important to us to know a lot of information and very significant for medical filed. Since the ABO anti gems are very immunogenic, they can be used in medicines.
1_ Lubenko, Anatole, and Marcela Contreras. “ABO Blood Group System.” ABO Blood Group System, Science direct, 28, nov.2004, www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/abo-blood-group-system.
2- Reid, and Lomas-Francis. ABO Blood Group System. Science Direct, 7 Sept. 2012, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012415849800003X.
3- Dennis O'Neil. ”ABO Blood Types.” 1999-2014, https://www2.palomar.edu/anthro/blood/ABO_system.htm.
4- Eugene M. Berkman, Sylvia Dorothy Lawler. “Blood Group.” Encyclopædia Britannica, 18 Gan.2018, https://www.britannica.com/science/blood-group.
5- Dean L. “Blood Groups and Red Cell Antigens” [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2005. Chapter 5, The ABO blood group. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2267/
6- “The ABO System Of Typing blood).Kansas city University of
Medicine & Biosciences. Department of physiology.