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Argumentative Essay On Stem Cells

1135 Words5 Pages

Possibly one of the most exciting prospects in the field of medical research currently is the potential of using stem cells as a novel therapy for a vast range of human diseases. This prospect rests on the fundamental capability of stem cells to differentiate into a huge variety of healthy functioning adult cells, many of which can be specialized, thus providing a healthy set of cells to replace those that have been damaged or lost through degenerative diseases. Therefore, essentially any disease that causes destruction of both tissues and cells can theoretically use stem cells as a viable treatment. This can include Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, spinal cord and heart diseases, cancer and even certain eye disorders (1).
One area that is currently …show more content…

Therefore as there is an increasing shortage of available transplant organs, stem cell research is actively seeking out alternative strategies designed to regenerate heart tissue. As ischaemic injury results in continuing loss of cardiomyocytes in the heart, transplantation of cardiomyogenic stem cells is at the forefront of current research. Cardiomyocytes are the cells that compose cardiac muscle and are extremely important in heart contraction. They can be generated from a number of different stem cells including both somatic stem cells such as mesenchymal cells and skeletal myoblasts, and pluripotent stem cells such as embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent cells …show more content…

It is believed today that the adult heart holds primitive cells that are able to restore the main cell lineages of the heart; cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle. CS/PCs are classified within this group of cells due to their multipotency, their ability to self-renew and their potential to proliferate. Although there are very little CS/PCs in healthy hearts, the amount present increases after cardiac injury (5). These cells can then be isolated and attained from biopsy specimens, cultured and expanded in vitro and thus are able to produce an adequate number of cells necessary for autologous transplantation into the patient

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The cardiac cycle is the coordination of the filling and exhausting of blood by electrical signals that cause the heart muscles to contract and unwind. The contraction of the heart is directed by a nerve drive that goes from the SA node to AV node to AV group to Purkinje fibers to the myocardium. Amid the cardiac cycle, the heart contracts by means of systole, pushing blood out of the heart, and unwinds through diastole, filling the heart with blood. Cardiomyocytes, or cardiac cells, are striated and are in charge of the pumping of the heart; they are the main muscle cells with intercalated plates. The heart's inner pacemaker controls and times the thumping of the heart by means of electrical signals.

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Over the following years, it laid the base for heart transplantation to become a well-established form of therapy for end-stage cardiac disease. Today, the process of a heart transplant had become a relatively routine for many doctors. With the new discovery of heart transplants actually being successful, it helped in other surgeries such as orthopedic heart transplantation, development of heterotopic heart transplantation, xenotransplantation and many more. In orthopedic heart transplantation there were 10 patients and each one lived various of months or years after the surgery. Dirk van Zyl was the one who survived the longest of more than 23 years.

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 substitute neurons impaired by spinal cord injury, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease or other neurological problems;  create insulin that could treat individuals with diabetes and heart muscle cells that could repair mutilation after a heart attack; or  Substitute virtually any tissue or organ that is damaged or unhealthy. But embryonic stem cell-based therapies can do a lot more. Studying how stem cells develop into heart muscle cells could offer clues about how we could prompt heart muscle to repair itself after a heart attack. The cells could be used to study ailment, classify new drugs, or screen drugs for toxic side effects.

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1351 Words | 6 Pages

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