ipl-logo

Belmont Report Ethical Principles

723 Words3 Pages

The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research created the Belmont Report Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research. The Belmont Report sets forth the basic ethical principles required for research involving human subjects. This post explains the three key principles of the Belmont Report that include respect for persons (autonomy), beneficence, and justice.
Respect for Persons Respect for persons incorporates at least two ethical convictions: first, that individuals should be treated as autonomous agents, and second, that persons with diminished autonomy are entitled to protection. The principle of respect for persons thus divides into two separate moral requirements: the requirement to acknowledge autonomy and the requirement to protect those with diminished autonomy. …show more content…

Further, the study also received approval from the institutional review board of the Montreal Children's Hospital. The participants have the right to decide whether or not to participate in the research voluntarily, and (96.7%) of which completed the entire 12 months of follow-up (Kramer et al., 2001).
Beneficence
The second Belmont Report principle is the principle of beneficence. Beneficence was applied in this trial by ensuring to acting in such a way to benefit the subjects while promoting their welfare and safety. The study has applied the principle of beneficence that include access to a potentially valuable intervention, increased understanding of breastfeeding, and enjoying the positive outcomes. The potential risks were avoided in the design of the study as all infants were breastfed. The study refrains from randomly assign infants to be breastfed vs formula-fed.

Show More
Related
1937 Words | 8 Pages

The job of the “Commission was to identify the basic ethical principles that should underlie the conduct of biomedical and behavioral research involving human subjects and to develop guidelines which should be followed to assure that such research is conducted in accordance with those principles.” (The National Commission for the Protection of Human

Read More
1030 Words | 5 Pages

Secondly, the report discuses that safety must be kept in mind. Scientific advancement cannot happen unless the experiments are safe. Thirdly, participants have to be chosen fairly, not from populations who could be coerced into participating, such as prisoners or institutionalized children. And, of course, consent is

Read More
1564 Words | 7 Pages

  A second ethical principle addressed is beneficence.   The Belmont Report defines beneficence as all test subjects involved in research must be informed of all risk and benefits of treatment in which they agree to undergo (ZZZ). Thirdly, the ethical principle of justice is addressed in the Belmont Report.   Justice includes individual justice and societal justice.   The Belmont Report states individuals justice means the doctor or researcher are not allowed to administer potentially helpful treatments to a favored class while offering much riskier to others (ZZ).

Read More
431 Words | 2 Pages

VI. Name three things that you would do to make sure that your study complies with the ethical principles of beneficence, respect, and autonomy. a. The participants would not be forced to consume alcohol and they would only be asking to report what they are already doing. b.

Read More
1609 Words | 7 Pages

My first week was primarily filled with professional training. This training included the background of the International Council for Harmonisation, Good Clinical Practice, CFR, and the evolution of the ethical and regulatory foundations of human subject research. Studying the Declaration of Helsinki provided education regarding the ethical principles of clinical research. A large portion of my training was centered on the ethical principles of clinical research: autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. To have adequate knowledge of the informed consent process I studied CFR 21, part 50, Protection of Human Subjects.

Read More
837 Words | 4 Pages

The National Research Act was passed in 1974, declaring that any federally funded and proposed experiments involving human subjects must be approved by an Institutional Review Board for Human Participants, better known as IRBs (Heintzelman). Furthermore, the “Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research” was created in 1979 by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research (“About the USPHS Syphilis Study”). It defined fundamental principles and ethics when a research experiment was held, making sure that future participants of clinical trials would be protected by laws. Some principles included giving subjects the right to be informed of the procedures and also the ability to leave the experiment if they found no improvement in their condition. As the government rebuilt trust with the public, more studies — this time with grounded laws to safeguard subjects — began to pop up across the States, all beginning with a first stage of informed, voluntary

Read More
666 Words | 3 Pages

This principle is all about conducting research with beneficent intentions and actions. According to the NIH module, there are two general rules that are associated with beneficent actions, “do no harm” and “maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harms”. The module on beneficence discussed what are known as Institutional Review Boards, or IRBs, and their role in research studies. IRBs are in charge of reviewing every research study, ensuring that the research follows all regulations set forth by the Department of Human Health Services (HHS) and all human subjects will be informed of the research enough to provide informed consent. IRBs are composed of a group of 5 or more professionals with a variety of backgrounds in order to ensure that a thorough and complete review of all research

Read More
1323 Words | 6 Pages

Any study that involves subjects concerning human beings should be approved first from the ethics committee before being effected (Chiarelli & Cockburn, 2002). Further, if the paper ever sought for ethical approval is not being mentioned in any section of the article concerning its ethical issues. This is one of the pitfalls noticed at the beginning of the

Read More
1481 Words | 6 Pages

Mother Knows Best: Analyzing Breastfeeding Health Benefits and Drawbacks Despite breastfeeding being shown to have health benefits for both infants and mothers, the

Read More
613 Words | 3 Pages

Respect for Persons is the principle that is based on two ethics: “individuals should be treated as autonomous agents and “persons with diminished autonomy are entitled to protection” (“The Belmont report,” 2016). The principle also had two moral requirements: “the requirement to acknowledge autonomy and the requirement to protect those with diminished autonomy” (“The Belmont report,” 2016). The principle Beneficence is “Persons are treated in an ethical manner not only by respecting their decisions and protecting them from harm, but also by making efforts to secure their well-being” (“The Belmont report,” 2016). There are two rules within the principle Beneficence: “do not harm and maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harms” (“The Belmont report,” 2016). The final principle, Justice, is everyone is treated fair and equal (“The Belmont report,” 2016).

Read More
1575 Words | 7 Pages

“Breastfeeding is convenient and portable” (kwegmann). It is easy for a mother to breastfeed because she does not have to carry around excess weight that bottles would add. “When a mother breastfeeds, she reduces the risk of postpartum depression” (kwegmann). If a woman gets postpartum depression, it can make it difficult to bond with her baby, and there is a greater risk of her getting major depression. “The mother’s risk of breast and ovarian cancer are lowered in breastfeeding mothers” (kwegmann).

Read More
305 Words | 2 Pages

A: Like many public health education initiatives, breastfeeding is one of the topics that create many debates (Carter, Cribb, & Allegrante, 2012). Breastfeeding is endorsed by the World Health Organization and supported by many countries (WHO, 2016b). I support breast feeding. But I think the “Breast is best” campaign needs modification. Firstly, breast feeding fulfilled beneficence (breast milk provide most needed nutrients to babies, Childress et al., 2002; PHAC, 2015), non-maleficence (breastfeeding prevent some forms of food contamination, BBC, 2015; Childress et al., 2002; WHO, 2016a), Utility (breast milk is believed to provide the maximum benefits to babies, Childress et al., 2002; WHO, 2016c), and Proportionality (breastfeeding helps to achieve a balance between the potential positive public health outcomes and negative effects/burdens on the individual or community by keeping babies healthy, Childress et al., 2002; PHAC, 2015) principles.

Read More
1471 Words | 6 Pages

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that 800,000 lives1 could be saved if every child were breastfed within one hour of birth in addition to exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life and continued breastfeeding till two years of age. According to the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), breastmilk is considered the optimal source of nutrition for infant’s health, growth and immunity.2 Moreover, the American Academy of Pediatrics states that breastfeeding protects against allergies, gastrointestinal diseases, ear infections, respiratory illness, asthma, eczema, and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).3 Other benefits include a fifteen to thirty percent reduction of adolescent and adult obesity in breastfed infants.3

Read More
922 Words | 4 Pages

Medical Research has the potential to advance society and make life better for everyone in it. However, the ends cannot justify the means; the rights of the subjects of research cannot be violated no matter the possible benefit to mankind. Despite this, time and time again, it has been very easy for, at least allegedly well-meaning scientists to violate the rights of their research subjects because they wanted to help society as a whole. Such experiments were not performed in secret by a minority of scientists; they were often done “by respected investigators at leading medical institutions and were published in medical journals (Scandals and Tragedies 3). " It is vital that we understand the circumstances of these experiments and why they happened so

Read More
689 Words | 3 Pages

When a baby is born various thoughts come up to the minds of the parents one of these thoughts is about breastfeeding. Breastfeeding is when the mother provides her baby with feed directly from her, this happens by the baby sucking from the nipple which is called sucking reflex and drinking milk. Many think that breastfeeding is a simple thing, but the truth is that it’s really not simple and it’s a very marvelous thing. Although there are various types of feeds for kids Breastfeeding is always recommended by health professionals, and apart from breastfeeding being a natural way to feed an infant even studies have shown that breastfeeding is always the best feed both for the mother’s health and for the baby’s health as well. -pros and cons

Read More

More about Belmont Report Ethical Principles

Related Topics

Open Document