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Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Model: A Comparative Analysis

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Some theories have been postulated to address the various stages that are involved in child development. Two of these theories include the evolutionary perspective and the Bronfenbrenner 's ecological model. Bronfenbrenner 's ecological model discusses the significance of the whole ecological system that surrounds a child during development. Such systems consist of various subsystems that help and enhance the growth of children. On the other hand, the evolutionary perspective states that the mind of human beings are predominantly composed of highly specialized systems that are designed with special features to solve certain issues, the theory further postulates that the problems are consistent and some have confronted ancestors and digs deeper into the lineage. This paper seeks to compare these two theories. Bronfenbrenner 's Ecological Model As aforementioned, the Bronfenbrenner 's ecological model puts great emphasis on the individual’s ecological system on a basis for understanding their development. It sees …show more content…

For example, the evolutionary perspective acknowledges the importance of the environment in shaping the child during the development process. Both perspectives acknowledge this argument in that it proposes that the environment shapes the human’s mind and how certain problems are solved. The ecological model has biological factors as a subsystem that influences the development of a child (Buss, 2015). On the other hand, evolutionary perspective narrows its emphasis to the biological component and how it transforms with the factor time. The genetic and the environmental mechanisms underline the development of social competencies in a child. Bronfenbrenner 's model also put into consideration the effects of time as an important component in which people tend to change as well as the environment. Time is also known as the chronosystem in his

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Until Bronfenbrenner (1994), developmental psychologists couldn’t get out their comfort zone concerning the strange activities of children and their development. Bronfenbrenner however proposed a theory that had a huge impact on this matter. This theory was based on the effect of environmental factors, which the development occurs, what he called ‘Ecological models’ (pg. 38). He divided this topic into five subsystems: Microsystems, Mesosystems, Exosystems, Macrosystems, Chronosystems. The simplest one them all is microsystems, which includes social interactions and roles, relations with others.

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One of the theories that can explain this is Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory. This theory states that development reflects the influence of several environmental systems. There are five environmental systems that are identified within the theory. The microsystem is the setting of an individual, the mesosystem involves relationships and connections between the microsystem and contexts, the exosystem includes links between the social setting in which the individual does not have an active role and the immediate context, the macrosystem involves culture, and the chronosystem consists of patterns and transitions during the life course (Santrock

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She bases her conclusion primary on biological theories of nature’s influence over the development of children. Children are passive players in their own development. According to Spencer, environment’s role in development is to guide the development of what is already present and transpiring in the child. She bases her opinions upon her experiences with her own

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This theory will expound how each thing in child and his or her environment influences his or her growth and development. While discussing later on, four classifications of microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem and macrosystem, is to be considered. This paper will discuss Luis and Julio in the aspect of three dimensions of change: physical, cognitive and socio-emotional with Bronfenbrenner’s theory in mind. Physical development

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This theory illustrates ? how the environment impacts human development" (Bronfenbrenner, 1986, p. 723) as a result of a number of influences such as social networks, poverty, oppression, and discrimination. Sontag (1996) stated that the Ecological Theory highlights the multiple influences on the development of the individual and family. The model includes four subsets: (1) Microsystem, (2) Mesosystem, (3) Exosystem, and (4) Macrosystem.

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So Becker’s question of, “what is the relation of man to nature?” (p. 114), is essential because the relationship we have with nature not only affects our survival but our psychological state as well

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The core An ecological model by Bronfenbrenner illustrates (Appendix B) the levels of ecological impacts and systems that exist at several different but interrelated levels. It includes the core, based on individual genetics and developmental history, where the child’s biological and a physiological characteristic that includes his or her cognitive functions, socioemotional process and intrinsic motivation to respond to the environment (Bukatko and Daehler, 2004). Alexander was born at a normal weight and on the week of due date. With his parents healthy and very much active during weekends, genetics would not be a factor affecting Alexander’s physiological factor.

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It starts with infancy and continues to adulthood. By gaining knowledge about child development, a synopsis of what children can do at various ages can be formed. Following are the three theoretical perspectives of child development: i. Maturationist’s View of Child Development : Maturationism is a premature childhood educational philosophy emphasizing the child as a growing individual in which knowledge exists. Based on Arnold Gessell’s work, maturationists suggest that “genetic factors play a bigger role in development than environmental ones” [8].

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Thus when we talk of development we need to understand the patterns of biological, cognitive and socioemotional changes that a child goes through from birth to lifespan which is why it is important to introduce a child to age appropriate education else a child may not be able to pick up for eg if we introduce a child to writing at an early age he may not be able to do so as he is still developing his fine motor skills. When we talk of biological development it’s the changes in physical growth of the child and is genetically inherited and will also include the brain and motor skill, cognitive will emphasise the child’s ability to think, language development and problem solving skills and the socioemotional development will look at the child’s relationship with other people and changes in ones emotions and personality. There are various stages of development like infancy from birth to about 24 months where the child is completely dependent on the adult where many activities like language development, sensory and motor coordination , social interaction and

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and it made me feel like a can make a difference in the world, even if it is only one child at a time. 6. Theory and Knowledge It is evident that the school environment and the educators has a major impact on learners development and their behavior throughout their schooling career, however most theorist agree that there are a lot of external factors and the learners environment that has the most impact on them. Bradbury (2007) links the family environment as well as the environment they find themselves in economically to be of utmost importance in the development of the child.

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Analysis of my development over the life course using Bronfenbrenner’s theory. Hoo Kar Mun B1600922 Department of Psychology PSY113 James Yeoh Najla Darwishah Urie Bronfenbrenner left a memorable legacy with his theory on ecological systems on child development, marking a great leap in understanding how interrelated the environment and experiences of a child is. The many reasons I admire and chose Bronfenbrenner was because he managed to summarize the most complicated subjects such as childhood into something more malleable and understandable for people. Childhood has always been the most important stage in a person’s life as it the first building blocks of our personality. The theory explains how environmental factors affects

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Showing photographs of food that they have or have not seen before and reading stories about food can also create knowledge of new food in the children’s mind. As a result, the children learn that there are different types of food, their knowledge of food will enrich and new knowledge of food will begin to form. According to Bronfenbrenner, he developed the ecological theory explaining how everything in a child and the environment affects their growth and development. He divided the ecological theory into five systems and one of the systems is called the microsystem.

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According to his theory, individuals are born without built-in knowledge. Everybody learns through experience, perception and parental guidance. One answer to providing more effective circumstances to children could be a much more self-critical, reflective and differentiated strategies of instruction developed through meaningful observations, noticing and recognizing what is important, influencing and significant to the child and about the child, and reacting in a supportive way. This kind of healthy interaction between individual child’s genes and the environmental context in which they develop would mean a good initial start. Moreover, chances of positive pathways in life seem to be enhanced by heredity vulnerabilities and complex behaviors.

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This ecological systems theory shows that a child develops through his surroundings and his environment Bronfenbrenner’s theory states that there are many complex layers of environments which each have an effect on a child’s development. This ecological theory is also known as bioecological systems

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These theories really expanded and informed me about child development because it dealt with the child’s thinking process as well as how they progress in life. Jean Piaget viewed child development on their efforts and how they acted upon it which geared towards conginite development. It consisted of four stages: sensorimotor,preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. His idea of adoption correlates with my perspective because it is impressive to see how the child adapts to certain information. Also with his perspective of the four cognitive stages due to the child’s life span “mental operations evolve from learning based on simple sensory and motor activity to logical, abstract thought” due their development as the years go by (Martorell, 2013, pg.

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