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Graves Disease Case Studies

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Pathophysiology ANAT1066
Case study assessment
Case study (b) INTRODUCTION
Base on the clinical and laboratory data provided, the patient is suffering from Graves’ disease, a cause of hyperthyroidism which is a type of thyrotoxicosis. Clinical manifestation of Graves’ disease (GD) includes diffuse thyroid enlargement, palpitation and hyperthyroidism (Fukishima et al 2009). Other symptoms are ophthalmophathy which result in exopthalmos (bulging of the eye), and dermopathy (oedema) (mencori et al 2014). Hyperthyroidism has some symptoms such as heat intolerance, sweating and weight loss (mencori et al 2014). Tachycardia (a faster than normal heart rate at rest) and bruit (indicate hyper dynamic circulation) are among …show more content…

The choice of treatment depends on several factors, this include, what the clinicians and the patient prefers, availability of a good surgeon, and many more. Interestingly all the treatment have similar improvements to the quality of life and patient satisfaction (Cooper, 2003). It is indicated that there is no such thing as excellent or perfect treatment for Graves ’ disease, one must compare the disadvantages, advantages, benefits and risks between each treatment type (Schussler-fiorenza et al., 2006) The table below summarizes some of these advantages and disadvantages of the …show more content…

S. (2003) 'Hyperthyroidism', the lancet, 362, 459-468.
Surgical treatment of GD is more advantageous than the medical treatment i.e anti-thyroid medication (ATM) or radioactive iodine (RAI) due to its fast correction of thyrotoxicosis, but most physicians do not recommend surgery because of the concern over permanently disabling the thyroid(i.e thyroid-specific morbidity) (Phitayakorn et al 2013).Other advantages of surgery for GD include the ability in improving the cause of graves’ disease ophthalmopathy and it is less costly compared with RAI and ATM which involves a lifelong therapy. (Phitayakorn et al 2013).
Additionally, surgery prevent the patient from developing thyroid cancer (Phitayakorn et al 2013).From the studies conducted by the same author, it is concluded that surgical treatment using TT is indicated as a safe treatment for GD. Surgery provides the most rapid recovery than anti-thyroid drugs (ATD) that has to be taking for a long time, and the RAI in which it has to be use for a long time before it takes effect (Schussler-fiorenza et al., 2006).
Surgery is recommended in the treatment of GD in pregnant women if the following occurs:
1. Patient do not complied with the medical

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