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Chicago Women's Club Case Study

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The records of the Chicago’s Women’s Club show that in 1891 Mrs. Perry Smith, a member of the CWC recommended the creation of a juvenile court so that children “might be saved from contamination of association with older criminals” (Platt, 2009, p. 128). Furthermore, other members of the CWC persuaded Judge Richard Tuthill to hold a separate court for children on Saturday mornings (Platt, 2009). The CWC assigned a representative to this special court who acted in the capacity of probation officer and adviser to the judge. Judge Tuthill was later quoted in the Annals of the Chicago Women’s Club as saying about the CWC that:
The work of this noble organization was initial, persistent and effective. Well do I remember how many years ago, when …show more content…

20). She became the chairman of the committee on compulsory education and began lobbying for better handling of children who were constantly truant from school. Appearing before a Legislative committee in Springfield, Illinois, Flower said, “One of the inalienable rights of every American child should be the right to an elementary education; and there are in this city at least ten thousand children, helpless to protect themselves or to know what the deprivation means, who will be deprived of this right if you Illinois legislators fail to do your duty” (Farwell, 1824, p. 21). The legislature was moved by her words and passed the Parental School Law in Illinois. When in 1894, a new mayor was elected and he chose not to re-appoint her to the School Board, there was such a hue and cry she was quickly nominated to be a candidate for a position of Trustee of the University of Illinois. In the election that followed, she won by more than 184,000 votes – becoming the first woman in Illinois ever elected to this office (Farwell,

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At the beginning of the 1800s juveniles were tried in the same courts as adults and when to adult prisons(Nurse 5). With all the abuse that happened in adult prisons a few judges became less willing to send juveniles that had committed minor crimes there therefore 1825 the first refuge house was founded in New York called “The New York House of Refuge”(Nurse 5). However most of the juveniles sent here were not accused of a crime, but were poor(Nurse 5). Although these refuge houses didn’t last long, in fact by the mid century, they had fallen out of favor and reform schools took their place and unlike refuge house they had more juveniles that had committed crimes (Nurse 6). In 1899 the first juvenile court was founded in “Cook County, Illinois(Nurse 6).

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The question of how to treat adolescents in the criminal justice system has always been an issue of examination and reexamination by the United States Supreme Court. Throughout the years, the Court has consistently held that adolescents are entitled to the same due process rights the adults receive. The Court has also persistently held that from a developmental standpoint, youth are different from adults, which impacts how they should be treated by the courts in various areas. Those areas include the waiver of their rights, their culpability and their punishments. One case in particular that describes the U.S. Supreme Court’s major decree in the area of juvenile justice is the landmark court case

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Annotated bibliography Childress, S. (2016, June 2). More States Consider Raising the Age for Juvenile Crime. Retrieved from PBS: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/more-states-consider-raising-the-age-for-juvenile-crime/ More states are considering to raising the age for juvenile crimes before being tried as adult because young offender's mental capacity. The idea is to cut the cost of incarcerate young offender in adult prison and ensure offenders to receive proper education and specialized care to change their behavior. Putting children in adult prison does not deter crime.

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