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Cholestyramine And Lovastatin

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The course notes provided information that was sufficient to answer all questions.

1. Why is it important to control plasma lipid levels? Describe the mechanism of action of cholestyramine and lovastatin.
It is important to control plasma lipid levels because a decrease in plasma concentration of LDL-cholesterol can decrease the risk of coronary heart disease. Cholesterol is transformed to bile acids in the liver. Then, the bile acids are excreted into the intestine, where they are reabsorbed. Cholestyramine is a large, insoluble, and positively charged resin, which binds to the negatively charged intestinal bile acids and prevents their reabsorption. The resin also increases the excretion of these bile acids, which leads to the increased …show more content…

Drugs that alter sodium and water balance like Diuretics (eg. Hydrochlorothiazide) reduce the volume of blood by promoting the kidney’s excretion of salt and water, as well as decreasing the blood vessel stiffness or resistance. Drugs that decrease sympathetic nervous system activity like beta-blockers (eg. Propranolol) synthesize blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart and other organs in order to reduce cardiac output or the amount of blood the heart pumps. Vasodilators like calcium channel blockers (eg. Nifedipine) reduce the amount of extracellular calcium that goes into cells of the vascular smooth muscle. This results in reduced intracellular calcium, which causes arteriole relaxation, less arteriole resistance, and a decreased blood pressure.
3. Antibiotic resistance is a common problem in the treatment of infectious diseases. What measures can be taken to reduce the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains of …show more content…

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